Abstract: Renewable energy (RE) sources such as wind farms and solar power plants are now widely seen as symbols of optimism and environmental responsibility as the global community tackles climate change. The adoption of digital technology in energy systems, such as smart grids, Internet of Things (IoT), and industrial control systems (ICS), has introduced new risks in terms of cybersecurity. This study investigates the weaknesses of RE infrastructure and emphasizes the pressing requirement for strong cybersecurity measures to safeguard these vital assets. The research focuses on different types of cyber threats that have targeted RE projects, such as ransomware, phishing, distributed denial of service (DDoS), supply chain (SC) attacks. To counter these threats, the study proposes a counter-strategy that includes advanced threat detection, regular updates, secure remote access, and thorough incident response plans. The study also emphasizes the significance of providing training for employees and strengthening security throughout the supply chain to reduce the risks posed by internal threats and mistakes made by humans. The research shows the importance of stakeholders in the RE sector considering cybersecurity as more than just a technical requirement but a crucial strategic decision-making.

Keywords: Cybersecurity, Renewable Energy (RE), Supply Chain Security, Defense, Energy Systems, Response Planning, Cyber Risks, Risk Management (RM)

Pages: 53-75

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