Abstract: Based on Kurt Lewin’s Action Research theory, the paper focuses on an Action Research project issued in Southern Italy, in the disadvantaged suburb of Palermo (Sicily), called Z.E.N., sadly famous as a dangerous and “criminogenic” urban slum, in order to stimulate social participation and to develop social change. The principal goal was the empowerment of ordinary inhabitants, obtaining their collaboration through participation, giving them acquisition of knowledge for a real social change.
DOI: *As the DOI is a unique identifier, it is already available in the pdf version. **The DOI link will be activated in the first midst of January 2026.
WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development, ISSN / E-ISSN: 1790-5079 / 2224-3496, Volume 14, 2018, Art. #6
Gioacchino Lavanco, Carolina Messina, Elisabetta Di Giovanni, "Community Participation in Urban Suburbs. The Italian Case of Z.E.N. Slum of Palermo," WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development, vol. 14, pp. 62-68, 2018, DOI:
Gioacchino Lavanco, Carolina Messina, Elisabetta Di Giovanni. Community Participation in Urban Suburbs. The Italian Case of Z.E.N. Slum of Palermo.
WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development. 2018;14:62-68.