WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development
Print ISSN: 1790-5079, E-ISSN: 2224-3496
Volume 21, 2025
Water Governance and the Challenges of Climate Change in the Mediterranean Region: An Analysis using the System Generalized Method of Moments (System GMM)
Authors: , , ,
Abstract: All life depends on water, which exists in rivers and lakes and flows beyond political boundaries. The growing shortage of this resource has prompted debates regarding the possibility of “water wars” between governments and communities. To combat climate change, many nations are increasingly recognizing the necessity of an integrated policy approach, which includes water management in national development planning through strategic laws and policies. This highlights the significance of water governance in addressing issues such as urbanization, population growth, and climate change. This research examines the impact of governance and climate change on total renewable water resources per capita in the Mediterranean region. Using the System Generalized Method of Moments (System GMM), a study of 15 Mediterranean countries from 2002 to 2021 reveals that governance and greenhouse gas emissions negatively affect per capita renewable water resources, while temperature changes are insignificant.
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Keywords: Climate change, Water resources per capita, Water Governance, Greenhouse gas emissions, System GMM model, Mediterranean Region
Pages: 963-976
DOI: 10.37394/232015.2025.21.80