WSEAS Transactions on Heat and Mass Transfer
Print ISSN: 1790-5044, E-ISSN: 2224-3461
Volume 8, 2013
Thermochemical Non-Equilibrium Reentry Flows in Two-Dimensions: Eleven Species Model – Part I
Authors: ,
Abstract: This work describes the thermochemical non-equilibrium simulations of reactive flow in twodimensions. The Van Leer and Liou and Steffen Jr. schemes, in their first- and second-order versions, are implemented to accomplish the numerical simulations. The Euler and Navier-Stokes equations, on a finite volume context and employing structured and unstructured spatial discretizations, are applied to solve the “hot gas” hypersonic flows around a blunt body, around a double ellipse, and around a reentry capsule in twodimensions. The second-order version of the Van Leer and Liou and Steffen Jr. schemes are obtained from a “MUSCL” extrapolation procedure in a context of structured spatial discretization. In the unstructured context, only first-order solutions are presented. The convergence process is accelerated to the steady state condition through a spatially variable time step procedure, which has proved effective gains in terms of computational acceleration (Maciel). The reactive simulations involve a Earth atmosphere chemical model of eleven species: N, O, N2, O2, NO, N+, O+, 2 N , 2 O , NO+ and e-, based on the works of Dunn and Kang and of Park. Thirtytwo, to the former, and fourth-three, to the latter, chemical reactions, involving dissociation, recombination and ionization, are simulated by the proposed models. The Arrhenius formula is employed to determine the reaction rates and the law of mass action is used to determine the source terms of each gas species equation. The results have indicated the Van Leer scheme as the most accurate one, both inviscid and viscous cases.
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Keywords: Thermochemical non-equilibrium, Earth reentry, Eleven species model, Hypersonic “hot gas” flow, Finite volume, Euler and Navier-Stokes equations, Two-dimensions