WSEAS Transactions on Power Systems
Print ISSN: 1790-5060, E-ISSN: 2224-350X
Volume 20, 2025
Investigation of the Impact of Different Materials on the Efficiency of Lead-free Perovskite Solar Cell
Authors: , , , , ,
Abstract: A solar cell is an electrical device that converts light energy into electrical energy via the photovoltaic effect. Sometimes called a photovoltaic cell or PV cell. In essence, a solar cell is a p-n junction diode. Solar cells are a type of photoelectric cell, which is characterized as an apparatus that changes its electrical properties in response to light, including resistance, voltage, and current. Organic-inorganic halidebased perovskite solar systems are getting closer to commercialization and have become more efficient. Because lead-based perovskite materials have toxicity issues, the scientific community has recently become interested in lead-free alternatives. A lead-free n-i-p based planar heterostructure perovskite solar cell made of intrinsic-$$CH_{3}NH_{3}SnI_{3}$$ methyl ammonium tin iodide $$(MASnI_{3})$$ as an i- and p-layer Spiro-OMeTAD with $$SnO_{2}$$ for the n layer is optimized for device efficiency using SCAPS numerical simulation. The $$3^{rd}$$ layer (electron layer) is modified with an efficiency of 2.03%, with another material $$SnO_{2}$$, as the efficiency increased to 2.62%, $$V_{oc}$$ of 0.6428V, $$J_{sc} = 6.44 mA/cm^{2} $$, and FF of 63.40% are achieved. After that the cell layers of the cell are optimized to achieve the highest efficiency of 10.13%
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Pages: 54-65
DOI: 10.37394/232016.2025.20.5