WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development
Print ISSN: 1790-5079, E-ISSN: 2224-3496
Volume 19, 2023
The Removal of Pollutants by Sonication using Nitrogen Gas in Textile Industry Wastewater: Comparison of Energy Consumption and Cost Analysis with Other Advanced Oxidation Processes
Authors: ,
Abstract: In this study, the effects of ambient conditions, the effects of increasing sonication time (60 min, 120 and 150 min), increasing temperatures ($$25^{\circ}C, 30^{\circ}C$$ and $$60^{\circ}C$$), different nitrogen gas sparging {15 min $$[3 mg/l N_{2}(g)]$$ and 30 min $$[6 mg/l N_{2}(g)]$$} on sonication at a textile industry wastewater (TI ww) treatment plant in Izmir (Turkey) containing toxic and resistant pollutants was investigated in 500 ml glass reactor, at 640 W sonication power, at 35 kHz sonication frequency has been researched. The maximum removal yields were measured to 98.23% chemical oxygen demand-dissolved (CODdis), 95.30% color and 68.08% total aromatic amines (TAAs), at 30 min $$N_{2}(g) [6 mg/l N_{2}(g)]$$ sparging after 150 min sonication time, at pH=7.0 and at $$60^{\circ}C$$ in TI ww, respectively. In the final stage of this study, the energy and costs used for the sonication process were compared in detail with the other Advanced Oxidation Process (AOPs) methods. Statistical analysis was also investigated for operational conditions. Finally, sonication at 35 kHz proved to be a viable tool for the effective removal of CODdis, color and TAAs from TI ww, providing a cost-effective alternative for destroying and detoxifying the refractory compounds in TI ww, respectively. Also, this study showed that the energy requirements of the sonication process is lower than the other AOPs.
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Keywords: Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), Comparion of energy consumption, Cost analysis, Hydroxyl radicals (OH), Nitrogen $$(N_{2})$$ gas sparging, Textile industry wastewater (TI ww), Sonication, Statistical analysis (ANOVA), Ultrasound (US), Ultraviolet (UV)
Pages: 45-69
DOI: 10.37394/232015.2023.19.5