WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development
Print ISSN: 1790-5079, E-ISSN: 2224-3496
Volume 11, 2015
Nanocomposites Catalysts for Sustainable Chemistry and Environmental Protection
Authors: , , ,
Abstract: This report is devoted to the investigation of noble metal nanoparticles formation and stabilization by polymeric nanostructures as well as catalytic properties of synthesized systems. The following types of nanostructured polymers were used: amphiphilic block-copolymers; polyelectrolytes and polymeric matrices. Catalytic properties of nanocomposites were studied in selective hydrogenation of acetylene alcohols, direct selective oxidation of monosaccharides and phenol catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO). All the catalysts revealed high activity, selectivity (up to 98–99% at 100% conversion) and stability. The special attention is paid to use of nanocomposites catalysts for environmental protection. CWAO of phenols is an important process of environmental catalysis, allowing one to reach nearly complete oxidation of phenols to non-hazardous compounds. Catalysts based on Ru-containing nanoparticles (NPs) formed in the pores of hypercrosslinked polystyrene (HPS) were synthesized. The catalysts containing from 0.5 to 2.8 wt.% of Ru were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The NP sizes were controlled by the pores of HPS. The two types of Ru species: Ru(IV) and Ru(IV)?nH2O, constituted the NP composition. The effects of the phenol initial concentrations and temperature were investigated in the phenol CWAO. Removal of 97% of phenol was observed for the most active catalyst containing 2.8 wt.% of Ru.
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Keywords: nanocatalysis, nanostructured polymers, noble metal nanoparticles, hydrogenation, oxidation, phenol catalytic wet air oxidation
Pages: 163-172
WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development, ISSN / E-ISSN: 1790-5079 / 2224-3496, Volume 11, 2015, Art. #18