Methods for Measuring EMC in Telecommunications Systems
MURATBEK JAMANSHALOV1, MURAT KUNELBAYEV1, MADINA MANSUROVA1,
GULSHAT AMIRKHANOVA1, GULNUR TYULEPBERDINOVA1, MADINA ALIMOVA1,
ALIYA TERGEUSSIZOVA2
1Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave, Almaty 050040,
REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
2Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications named after Gumarbek
Daukeyev, 126/1 Baitursynov Ave, Almaty 050013,
REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Abstract - In this article, we will consider methods for measuring the electromagnetic compatibility of
telecommunication systems and study the norms of compliance with EN 55022 standards. The test
equipment is RF (Microwave radio) transceiver equipment. 1.4 GHz. QAM modulation (372 MHz) was
enabled in real power mode, and several experiments were also conducted. Experiments show that the
parasitic radiation through the image channel at an intermediate frequency in a superheterodyne receiver is
465. At a frequency of 371.94 MHz, deviations at the quasi-peak level are set to 51 dB mv/m.
Key-words: EMC, Standards, Radiated radiation, resistance to electromagnetic field
Received: June 23, 2021. Revised: April 25, 2022. Accepted: May 24, 2022. Published: July 5, 2022.
1 Introduction
Any system or equipment capable of emitting or
conducting electromagnetic waves must be checked
for electromagnetic compatibility. To enter the
market, the product must meet all the requirements
and comply with the norms and standards for
electromagnetic compatibility.
EMC compliance standards are in demand in
various industries, they are used to protect
consumers and manufacturers of electronic systems
from the undesirable effects of electromagnetic
interference. During the electromagnetic
compatibility test, it is checked whether the device
or system generates a large level of electromagnetic
radiation and whether it will work correctly under
the influence of external electromagnetic
interference.
Ensuring the correct operation of simultaneously
operating devices/devices is the purpose of studying
the EMC of technical means as a scientific problem.
Technical means for reducing the vulnerability of
telecommunication systems
and ensuring their electromagnetic compatibility in
smart buildings are based on the following main
areas: grounding, shielding, filtration and ensuring
the quality of electricity.
Measurements/tests of the microwave reception and
transmission system f=300 MHz/1.4 GHz for
compliance with EMC requirements were carried
out using a spectrum analyzer, a measuring
broadband antenna and a pre-amplification filter.
Radiated and conducted electromagnetic
interference tests inside the semi-anechoic chamber
in accordance with EN 55022 (applicable to
information technology equipment with a voltage of
not more than 600 V).
In the article [1], an electronic device sensitive to
these parasitic noises was developed and
investigated. The article [2] discusses interference
caused by electromagnetic radiation. In the article
[3], systems have been developed that are affected
to what extent by interference sources used in space
and the aerospace industry. In [4], electronic
systems that cause interference caused by these
sources were tested. In the article [5], tests were
carried out on modern electronic devices in which
electromagnetic interference was installed. In works
[6-8], tests and preliminary tests were carried out for
compliance with EMI
requirements. In [9,10,11,12,13], electromagnetic
interference in a circuit was investigated using
several methods to improve the noise.
In the study [14], a measuring device for checking
electromagnetic radiation and a communication
channel for the presence of electromagnetic
interference caused by conducted radiation were
investigated.
In [15,16] several methods of radiation testing for
large-sized receiving antenna devices were
developed.
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on SYSTEMS and CONTROL
DOI: 10.37394/23203.2022.17.34
Muratbek Jamanshalov, Murat Kunelbayev,
Madina Mansurova, Gulshat Amirkhanova,
Gulnur Tyulepberdinova, Madina Alimova,
Aliya Tergeussizova
E-ISSN: 2224-2856
300
Volume 17, 2022
The purpose of this work is a method for assessing
electromagnetic compatibility by measuring in-
system telecommunications equipment.
2 Research Method
It can be noted that in comparison the task of
measuring the EMC in telecommunication systems
is not fundamentally new and is reduced to a well-
known problem against the background of
interference suppression. This problem is classical
in the theory of EMS RES, and the features of its
solution in relation to telecommunication RRL
equipment.
When considering the issues of interference
suppression in channels of intermediate frequency
paths, it should be taken into account that the
retransmission subsystems consist of various
cascades, the above blocks of electronic means can
be used in various modes of retransmission,
modulation of signal code structures are the most
critical element for functioning with the required
quality.
The height of the antenna was changed in the range
of 1-4 m, and the angle of rotation of the EUT - in
the range from -1800 to 1800 to maximize the
measured emissions.
Fig.
1: Measurements of conductive emission
Figure 1 shows measurements of conductive
emission. As can be seen from the figure,
measurements of the connection transceiver under
test are performed on power lines, and
measurements are performed on telecommunication
ports to ensure the stability of devices. Connecting
an interference source via a dummy network with
impedance.
Fig. 2: Measurements on radiated emission (radiated
radio frequency fields)
Fig. 3: Radiated emission Research method
In Fig. 2 and 3 show an antenna that was located at
a distance of 3 m from UT. The height of the
antenna varied within 1-4 m, and the angle of
rotation UT was in the range from -1800 to 1800 of
the maximum measured radiation.
The measuring antenna HL 562 is shown in the
figure. 3. It is designed to operate in the frequency
range from 30 MHz to 3 GHz and in its design
combines the properties of a biconic and
logoperiodic antenna. To increase sensitivity,
especially in the frequency range above 1 GHz, the
logoperiodic part has a V-shape.
Fig. 4: Measurements on radio frequency common
mode immunity
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DOI: 10.37394/23203.2022.17.34
Muratbek Jamanshalov, Murat Kunelbayev,
Madina Mansurova, Gulshat Amirkhanova,
Gulnur Tyulepberdinova, Madina Alimova,
Aliya Tergeussizova
E-ISSN: 2224-2856
301
Volume 17, 2022
Figure 4 shows the noise immunity measurements
of the common-mode frequency range of radio
frequencies performed using the signal levels
defined in the test data, with amplitude modulation
of 80% in the interference signal in a 1 kHz sine
wave, with a pause to adjust the level of the radio
frequency signal or to switch communication
devices as needed.
At least ten single-contact discharges are applied to
horizontal and vertical connecting plates.
Fig. 5 Measurements on Electrostatic Discharge
Simulator ESD
Figure 5 shows the measurements on the ESD
electrostatic discharge simulator. As can be seen
from the figure, the measurement is carried out
using a portable electrostatic discharge generator
that is sensitive to electrostatic discharges.
A time interval of 1 second is used between
consecutive digits.
Fig. 6: Measurements on burst, surge, voltage
dips/interruptions immunity
Figure 6 shows measurements of conductive
emission. As can be seen from the figure, Test 7.
demonstrates the resistance of electrical and
electronic equipment to various temporary
electromagnetic interference, similar to those that
occur as a result of switching processes. The
purpose of the test is to make sure that the test kit
for measuring electrical fast transients (pulses)
works correctly between calibrations. The test bench
for testing electrical fast transients (pulses) includes:
- generator of electrical fast transients (pulses) -
connecting/disconnecting device - capacitive
connecting clamp - connecting cables
On the AC network ports, the built-in connecting
decoupling network is used to connect the EFT
voltage/pulse interference. A capacitive clamp is
used for DC/telecommunications/signal ports. The
polarity of the EFT voltage/pulse interference
changes during the test. The duration of the test is at
least 1 minute, however, to avoid synchronization,
the test time can be divided into six 10-second
series, separated by a 10-second pause. It is not
assumed that the packet is synchronized with the
EUT signals.
3 Results
In this study, experimental work was carried out in
the LEITC laboratory in 2016. Measurement/testing
of an EMC kit using a spectrum analyzer,
measurement of a broadband antenna, a pre-filter in
the process.
Table 1. Radiated emissions test results
Peak detector; QP detector; Limit line;
Method:
EN55032
class B
Enclosure
Chamber:
SAC3
1-4m
Mode:
1
Distance:
3m
V+H
Mod.
State:
1
Angle:
-
1800..+1800
Fig. 7: Radiated emissions
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on SYSTEMS and CONTROL
DOI: 10.37394/23203.2022.17.34
Muratbek Jamanshalov, Murat Kunelbayev,
Madina Mansurova, Gulshat Amirkhanova,
Gulnur Tyulepberdinova, Madina Alimova,
Aliya Tergeussizova
E-ISSN: 2224-2856
302
Volume 17, 2022
Fig. 8: Radiated emissions
Figure 8 shows measurements of radiated emissions.
As can be seen from the figure, it was measured
using the EN 55033 Class B method at a distance of
3 m, and the polarization of the V+H antenna
measures the bandwidth from 1 to 6 GHz.
Peak detector; QP detector; Limit
line;
Method:
EN55032
class B
Port:
Enclosure
Chamber
:
SAC3
Height:
1-
4m
Mo
de:
1
Distance:
3m
Polariz
ation:
V+
H
Mod
State
:
1
Angle:
-1800..+1800
File:
Fig. 9: Conducted emissions
Figure 9 shows the measurements of the emissions
carried out. As can be seen from the figure, it is
measured in accordance with EN 55033 bandwidth
measurement class from 150 K to 30 m. Conducting
emission standards with a frequency band from 0.15
MHz to 0.5 MHz, the norm of the quasi-peak value
of dB (MV) 66-56, the norm (average value) 56-46
dB (MV) in the frequency band ≥5 MHz ≥30 MHz,
the quasi-peak value of the norm of dB (MV) 60,
the norm (average value) 50 dB (mv).
Peak detector; QP detector; Average
detector; Average detector; L- Live, N-Neutral; PE- Earth
Method:
EN55032
Port:
DC power port
LISN:
ESH2-Z5
Mod.
State:
1
File:
Table 2. Conducted emissions test results
Frequen
cy
(MHz)
Quasi
Peak
(dBµV
)
Meas.
Time
(ms)
Band
width
(kHz)
Filt
er
Lin
e
Corr.
(dB)
Margi
n -
QPK
(dB)
Limit -
QPK
(dBµV)
0.198
44.3
10.0
9.000
On
L1
9.7
19.4
63.7
0.394
32.2
10.0
9.000
On
L1
9.7
25.7
58.0
0.590
36.8
10.0
9.000
On
L1
9.8
19.2
56.0
0.986
27.9
10.0
9.000
On
L1
9.8
28.1
56.0
1.154
34.3
10.0
9.000
On
L1
9.8
21.7
56.0
1.378
21.9
10.0
9.000
On
L1
9.8
34.1
56.0
2.302
27.8
10.0
9.000
On
L1
9.9
28.2
56.0
4.602
10.0
10.0
9.000
On
N
10.0
46.0
56.0
10.498
10.2
10.0
9.000
On
L1
10.2
49.8
60.0
25.234
10.9
10.0
9.000
On
N
10.9
49.1
60.0
0.198
41.3
10.0
9.000
On
L1
9.7
12.4
53.7
0.394
30.0
10.0
9.000
On
L1
9.7
17.9
48.0
0.590
36.6
10.0
9.000
On
L1
9.8
9.4
46.0
0.986
27.2
10.0
9.000
On
L1
9.8
18.8
46.0
1.154
33.9
10.0
9.000
On
L1
9.8
12.1
46.0
1.378
19.7
10.0
9.000
On
L1
9.8
26.3
46.0
2.302
26.6
10.0
9.000
On
L1
9.9
19.4
46.0
4.730
6.6
10.0
9.000
On
L1
10.0
39.4
46.0
6.306
7.1
10.0
9.000
On
L1
10.0
42.9
50.0
28.366
7.4
10.0
9.000
On
N
10.9
42.6
50.0
Electric fast transients EFT/Burst immunity
RESULT
Port
s:
AC power
Recm’d
Crit
Met
hod:
EN61000-
4-4
N/A
Port
s:
DC power
Recm’d
Crit
Met
hod:
EN61000-
4-4
B
Port
s:
I/O
communicat
ion
Recm’d
Crit
Met
hod:
EN61000-
4-4
B
Port
s:
Signal
Recm’d
Crit
Met
hod:
EN61000-
4-4
N/A
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on SYSTEMS and CONTROL
DOI: 10.37394/23203.2022.17.34
Muratbek Jamanshalov, Murat Kunelbayev,
Madina Mansurova, Gulshat Amirkhanova,
Gulnur Tyulepberdinova, Madina Alimova,
Aliya Tergeussizova
E-ISSN: 2224-2856
303
Volume 17, 2022
Oper.
mode
Mod.
State
Port
Level
(kV)
Polarity
Frequenc
y
(kHz)
Burst
uration/
period(m
s)
Test
duration
(min)
Notes
1
1
DC
power
0.5
+
5
15/300
5
#2
1
1
I/O
communi
cation
0.5
+
5
15/300
5
#2
#1, 2, 3... see Observations Table below
Notes
Comments and Observations
#1
No effect observed
#2
ТО has error on data transmitting
4 Conclusion
In 2016, measurements/tests of the EMC set were
carried out at the LEITC laboratory using a
spectrum analyzer, measurements of a broadband
antenna, and a pre-gain filter. Radiated and
conducted electromagnetic interference inside a
semi-anechoic chamber, in accordance with EN
55022 (applicable to information technology
equipment with a voltage of not more than 600 V),
require conditions to ensure that several types of
equipment do not cause collisions with each other
and do not cause circumstances during simultaneous
operation.
Experiments show parasitic radiation through the
image channel at an intermediate frequency in a
superheterodyne receiver 465. At a frequency of
371.94 MHz, the deviation at the quasi-peak level is
set at 51 dB mv/m.
This overview document begins with a detailed
discussion of the values and sources of
electromagnetic interference that will be used
according to background usage.
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[14] S. Maniktala, Switching Power Supplies A-Z,
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Contribution of Individual Authors to the
Creation of a Scientific Article (Ghostwriting
Policy)
-Muratbek Jamanshalov did measurements and
experimental work
-Murat Kunelbayev and Madina Mansurova are
engaged in analytics
-Gulshat Amirkhanova organized and executed the
experiments
-Gulnur Tyulepberdinova, Madina Alimova are
experimental work
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0
(Attribution 4.0 International, CC BY 4.0)
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0
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WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on SYSTEMS and CONTROL
DOI: 10.37394/23203.2022.17.34
Muratbek Jamanshalov, Murat Kunelbayev,
Madina Mansurova, Gulshat Amirkhanova,
Gulnur Tyulepberdinova, Madina Alimova,
Aliya Tergeussizova
E-ISSN: 2224-2856
304
Volume 17, 2022