<doi_batch xmlns="http://www.crossref.org/schema/4.4.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="4.4.0"><head><doi_batch_id>4e0bc426-9a3e-4480-b692-709a10c892f9</doi_batch_id><timestamp>20230109080006437</timestamp><depositor><depositor_name>wseas:wseas</depositor_name><email_address>mdt@crossref.org</email_address></depositor><registrant>MDT Deposit</registrant></head><body><journal><journal_metadata language="en"><full_title>WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT</full_title><issn media_type="electronic">2224-3496</issn><issn media_type="print">1790-5079</issn><archive_locations><archive name="Portico"/></archive_locations><doi_data><doi>10.37394/232015</doi><resource>http://wseas.org/wseas/cms.action?id=4031</resource></doi_data></journal_metadata><journal_issue><publication_date media_type="online"><month>1</month><day>4</day><year>2022</year></publication_date><publication_date media_type="print"><month>1</month><day>4</day><year>2022</year></publication_date><journal_volume><volume>18</volume><doi_data><doi>10.37394/232015.2022.18</doi><resource>https://wseas.com/journals/ead/2022.php</resource></doi_data></journal_volume></journal_issue><journal_article language="en"><titles><title>Experimental Investigations of Heat-Flux and Temperature Predictions by New Inverse Technique</title></titles><contributors><person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author"><given_name>Mustafa B.</given_name><surname>Al-Hadithi</surname><affiliation>Chemical and Petrochemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Anbar, Anbar, IRAQ</affiliation></person_name><person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author"><given_name>Abdulhassan A.</given_name><surname>Karamalla</surname><affiliation>Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, IRAQ</affiliation></person_name></contributors><jats:abstract xmlns:jats="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1"><jats:p>This paper describes the developed method for predictions of transient internal surface temperatures and heat-flux obtained from thermocouples, which are installed through the wall of the rocket motor nozzle. Heat-Flux was estimated by using the prediction of internal surface temperatures from numerical solutions of the inverse heat conduction problem (IHCP). Three Heat-Flux gauges are manufactured and used in convergent, throat, and divergent sections. The temperatures are measured with starting operation of the rocket motor along the gauges where the thermocouples are connected to the data acquisition system interfacing with the PC. The measured unsteady temperature behavior is approximated by polynomials third degree in space and time. The measurement results indicate that the maximum reading temperatures are at the throat section. No differences in time were appearing in curves to reach maximum prediction surface temperatures.</jats:p></jats:abstract><publication_date media_type="online"><month>12</month><day>31</day><year>2022</year></publication_date><publication_date media_type="print"><month>12</month><day>31</day><year>2022</year></publication_date><pages><first_page>1304</first_page><last_page>1311</last_page></pages><publisher_item><item_number item_number_type="article_number">123</item_number></publisher_item><ai:program xmlns:ai="http://www.crossref.org/AccessIndicators.xsd" name="AccessIndicators"><ai:free_to_read start_date="2022-12-31"/><ai:license_ref applies_to="am" start_date="2022-12-31">https://wseas.com/journals/ead/2022/c545115-950.pdf</ai:license_ref></ai:program><archive_locations><archive name="Portico"/></archive_locations><doi_data><doi>10.37394/232015.2022.18.123</doi><resource>https://wseas.com/journals/ead/2022/c545115-950.pdf</resource></doi_data><citation_list><citation key="ref0"><unstructured_citation>Liebert C.H., "An Investigation of the Compatibility of Radiation and Convection Heat Flux Measurements", NASA – TM – 107205, 1996. </unstructured_citation></citation><citation key="ref1"><doi>10.1155/2018/8783946</doi><unstructured_citation>W. 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