1ff6a587-af8b-44cc-ad14-0d65ff55999520240927030242517wseas:wseasmdt@crossref.orgMDT DepositWSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTER RESEARCH2415-15211991-875510.37394/232018http://wseas.org/wseas/cms.action?id=133721220241220241210.37394/232018.2024.12https://wseas.com/journals/cr/2024.phpFaisalAloufiBukayriyah Education, Ministry of Education, Bukayriyah, SAUDIA ARABIAMohammad A.TashtoushDepartment of Basic Sciences, AL-Huson University College, AL-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, JORDANNawalShirawiaDepartment of Mathematics Education Faculty of Education & Arts, Sohar University, Sohar, OMANRami A.TashtoushDepartment of Psychology Faculty of Educational Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, OMANEmad A.Az-Zo’BiDepartment of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Mutah University, Karak, JORDANThe current study aims to detect the level of challenges facing teachers in applying the Internet of Things (IoT) in the educational process. It also investigates the teachers' perceptions regarding the importance of using IoT in the educational process. This study adopts a quantitative approach to analyze the use of IoT amongst Saudi secondary school teachers. The study recruited (142) teachers in schools in the Riyadh region. A questionnaire with (26) Likert Scale items was distributed electronically to the participants. Results indicated that Saudi teachers still face high challenges in applying IoT in teaching and learning, they also report a high importance of using IoT. Results also showed that specialization, year of service, and the training technical programs played a significant role in the perceptions of Saudi teachers. Specifically, computer science teachers have less challenge in applying IoT when compared to teachers from other specializations. Furthermore, the study showed that teachers with less experience had higher means, indicating their enthusiasm for utilizing modern technological tools in education. Finally, the study showed that teachers who had completed more technical training programs had less difficulty in applying IoT. The study recommends integrating IoT technologies into the educational system. It also proposes conducting research to standardize IoT applications for different teaching materials and all levels of schooling.9272024927202442944242https://wseas.com/journals/cr/2024/a845118-293.pdf10.37394/232018.2024.12.42https://wseas.com/journals/cr/2024/a845118-293.pdfVentures, S. The importance of online reputation management for businesses, [Online]. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/importanceonline-reputation-management-businessesstanventures-i4sac/ (Accessed Date: October 25, 2023). 10.1109/jiot.2014.2337336Shanzhi Chen, Hui Xu, Dake Liu, Bo Hu, & Hucheng Wang. A Vision of IoT: Applications, challenges, and opportunities with China perspective. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, Vol. 1, No. 4, 2014, pp. 349–359. https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2014.2337336. Mills, M. The future of the education system lies in the Internet of Things. Datafioq, [Online]. https://datafloq.com/read/futureeducation-system-internet-ofthings/#google_vignette (Accessed Date: October 25, 2023). 10.1007/978-3-319-60164-9_6Shahrestani, S. Assistive IOT and smart environments: performance requirements. Internet of Things and Smart Environments, Vol. 12, No. 4, 2017, pp. 97-117. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60164-9_6. Alalouny, S. The employing the internet of things in Saudi universities from the point of view of faculty members: Opportunities and Challenges. Educational Journal, Vol. 3, No. 93, 2022, pp. 41-72. https://doi.org/10.21608/edusohag.2022.21234 7. 10.52866/ijcsm.2023.01.01.003Qamar, R. & Zardari, B. A Study of Blockchain-Based Internet of Things, Iraqi Journal For Computer Science and Mathematics, Vol. 4, No. 1, 2022, pp. 15-23. https://doi.org/10.52866/ijcsm.2023.01.01.003. 10.1016/j.future.2017.11.022Khan, M. & Salah, K. IoT Security: Review, Blockchain Solutions, and Open Challenges. Future Generation Computer Systems, Vol. 82, No. 3, 2018, pp. 395–411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2017.11.022. 10.1109/comst.2015.2444095Al-Fuqaha, A., Guizani, M., Mohammadi, M., Aledhari, M. & Ayyash, M. Internet of things: A survey on enabling technologies, protocols, and applications. IEEE Communications Surveys, Vol. 17, No. 4, 2023, pp. 2347-2376. doi: 10.1109/COMST.2015.2444095. 10.1109/roedunet.2015.7311993Cata, M. Smart university, a new concept in the internet of things, 20215 14th RoEduNet International Conference- Networking in Education and Research (RoEduNet NER), Craiove, Romania, September 24-26, 2015, pp. 195-197. doi: 10.1109/RoEduNet.2015.7311993. 10.1109/comst.2019.2962586Stoyanova, M., Nikoloudakis, Y., Panagiotakis, S., Pallis, E., & Markakis, E. K. A Survey on the Internet of Things (IoT) Forensics: Challenges, Approaches and Open Issues. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, Vol.22, No. 2, 2020, pp. 1191–1221. https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2019.2962586. Sergey, L. 5 IoT solutions for modifying school and college learning processes. IoT Now News – How to Run an IoT Enabled Business, [Online]. https://www.iotnow.com/2019/10/24/99568-5-iot-solutionsmodifying-school-college-learning-processes/ (Accessed Date: October 25, 2023). 10.33423/jhetp.v23i10.6196Rasheed, N., & Tashtoush, M. The impact of cognitive training program for children (CTPC) to development the mathematical conceptual and achievement. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, Vol. 23, No. 10, 2023, pp. 218-234. https://doi.org/10.33423/jhetp.v23i10.6196. 10.1108/lht-10-2015-0100Magdalena, W. Internet of Things- potential for libraries. Library Hi Tech, Vol. 34, No. 2, 2016, pp. 404-420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/LHT-10-2015-0100. 10.14445/22312803/ijctt-v32p109Al-Hakeem, S. & Al-Hamami, H. Implementation of common secure framework for Internet of Things based Arduino platform. International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology (IJCTT), Vol 32, No. 1, 2016, pp. 49-53. https://doi.org/10.14445/22312803/ijcttv32p109. 10.1108/lht-11-2017-0250Xie, K., Liu, Z., Fu, L., & Liang, B. Internet of Things-based intelligent evacuation protocol in libraries. Library Hi Tech, Vol. 38, No. 1, 2019, pp. 145-163. https://doi.org/10.1108/lht11-2017-0250. 10.52866/ijcsm.2024.05.01.004Wardat, Y., Tashtoush, M., Alali, R., & Saleh, S. Artificial Intelligence in Education: Mathematics Teachers’ Perspectives, Practices and Challenges. Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2024, pp. 60-77. https://doi.org/10.52866/ijcsm.2024.05.01.004. 10.15866/irecos.v14i1.17374Shorman, S. Internet of Things Application to Development of Smart Classroom System. International Review on Computers and Software, Vol. 14, No. 1, 2019, pp. 22-31. https://doi.org/10.15866/irecos.v14i1.17374. 10.1109/iotm.0001.1900040Hussein, A., Barhamgi, M., Vecchio, M., Perera, C. Crowdsourced Peer Learning Activity for Internet of Things Education: A Case Study, IEEE Internet of Things Magazine, Vol. 2, No. 3, 2019, pp. 26-31. https://doi.org/10.1109/IOTM.0001.1900040. 10.1109/cisct.2019.8777431Shaikh, H., Khan, M., Maher, Z., Anwar, M., Raza, A. & Shah, A. Conceptual Framework for Determining Acceptance of Internet Things (IOT) in Higher Education Institutions of Pakistan. International Conference on Information Science and Communication Technology (ICISCT), Karachi, Pakistan, Vol 9, No. 10, 2019, pp. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1109/cisct.2019.8777431. 10.3233/ao-200240Nagowah, S. D., Ben Sta, H., & GobinRahimbux, B. A systematic literature review on semantic models for IoT-enabled smart campus. Applied Ontology, Vol 16, No. 1, 2021, pp. 27-53. https://doi.org/10.3233/ao200240. 10.1109/jiot.2014.2312291Stankovic, A. (2014). Research directions for the internet of things. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, Vol 1, No. 1, 2014, pp. 3-9. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2014.2312291. 10.1016/j.comnet.2019.03.006Dhanvijay, M., & Patil, S. Internet of Things: A survey of enabling technologies in healthcare and its applications. Computer Networks, Vol 153, No. 1, 2019, pp. 113-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2019.03.006. 10.18488/73.v11i4.3566Tashtoush, M., Wardat, Y., AlAli, R., & AlSaud, K. The impact of cyberbullying on student motivation to learn: Insights from Abu Dhabi Emirate schools. Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, Vol. 11, No. 4, 2023, pp. 461- 474. https://doi.org/10.18488/73.v11i4.3566. 10.1016/j.procs.2020.05.122Kanuru, S., & Priyaadharshini, M. . Lifelong learning in higher education using learning analytics. Procedia Computer Science, Vol. 172, No. 2020, 2020, pp. 848-852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.05.122. 10.3390/computers8020040Rahman, M & Asyhari, A. The emergence of IoT: Connecting anything, anywhere. Computers. Vol. 8, No. 2, 2019, pp. 1-4, https://doi.org/10.3390/computers8020040. 10.1007/s10209-022-00944-1Asad, M., Naz, A., Shaikh, A., Alrizq, M., Akram, M., Alghamdi, A. Investigating the impact of IoT-Based smart laboratories on students’ academic performance in higher education. Univ. Access Inf. Soc., 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-022-00944-1. 10.5539/jel.v7n3p23Mershad, K, & Wakim, P. A learning management system enhanced with Internet of things applications. Journal of Education and Learning, Vol 7, No. 27, 2018, pp. 23-40. https://doi.org/10.5539/jel.v7n3p23. 10.17781/p001645Chew, C. Sensors-enabled smart attendance systems using NFC and RFID Technologies, International Journal of New Computer Architectures and their Applications, Vol 5, No. 1, 2015, pp. 19-28. https://doi.org/10.17781/p001645 10.1108/lht-10-2015-0100Wojcik, M. Internet of Things – potential for libraries. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Vol 34, No. 2, 2016, pp. 404- 420. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHT-10-2015- 0100. Shrinath S. Pai, Vikhyath, Shivani, Sanket, Shruti. IoT application in education. International Journal for Advance Research and Development, Vol 2, No. 6, 2017, pp. 20- 24, [Online]. https://www.ijarnd.com/manuscript/iotapplication-in-education/ (Accessed Date: October 25, 2023). 10.26389/ajsrp.n281222Altayari, M. & Almohammadi, N. The effectiveness of internet of things applications in a personal learning environment in developing cognitive achievement in programming skills for the intermediate school students in Rabigh Governorate. Journal of Curriculum and Teaching Methodology, Vol. 2, No. 5, 2023, pp. 91-110. https://doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.n281222. 10.18178/ijiet.2017.7.12.995Abbasy, M., & Quesada, E. Predictable Influence of IoT (Internet of Things) in the Higher Education. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, Vol. 7, No. 12, 2017, pp. 914–920. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2017.7.12.995. Gartner Inc. Definition of internet of things (IoT) Gartner information technology glossary, [Online]. https://www.gartner.com/en/informationtechnology/glossary/internet-of-things (Accessed Date: October 18, 2023). 10.46328/ijtes.v4i1.47Fragou, O., & Mavroudi, A. Exploring Internet of Things, Mobile Computing and Ubiquitous Computing in Computer Science Education: A Systematic Mapping Study. International Journal of Technology in Education and Science, Vol. 4, No. 1, 2019, pp. 72-85. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijtes.v4i1.47. 10.52866/ijcsm.2022.01.01.009Baraa I. & Jasim, A. A Survey of Intrusion Detection Using Deep Learning in Internet of Things, Iraqi Journal For Computer Science and Mathematics, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2022, pp. 83- 93. https://doi.org/10.52866/ijcsm.2022.01.01.009. 10.1007/s12652-020-01879-2Karthika, E., & Mohanapriya, S.. Real time behavior based service specific secure routing for cloud centric IoT systems. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, Vol. 12, 2021, pp. 4737-4744. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-020-01879-2. 10.15837/ijccc.2022.3.4482Tashtoush, Y., Al-Refai, M., Al-Refai, G. Zaghal, N., Darweesh, D., & Darwish, O.. Dynamic traffic light system to reduce the waiting time of emergency vehicles at intersections within IoT environment. International Journal of Computers Communications & Control, Vol. 17, No. 3, 2022, Article ID 4482. https://doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2022.3.4482. 10.1109/access.2021.3136861Tashtoush, Y., Darweesh, D., Husari, G., Darwish, D., Darwish, Y., Issa, L., & Ashqar, H.. Agile Approaches for Cybersecurity Systems, IoT and Intelligent Transportation. IEEE Access. Vol. 10, 2021, pp. 1360-1375. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.313686 1.