Abstract: - Smart manufacturing environments are spreading at home and abroad. As a result, SMEs are also

recognizing the need for digital transformation. However, they are facing difficulties in introducing MES/ERP

software due to the initial cost burden and lack of resources. Under these circumstances, this paper aims to

design a cloud-based subscription MES platform that enables SMEs specializing in the precision machining

industry to operate efficient production processes and improve productivity and competitiveness. To build a

cloud-based subscription MES system, we collect and store manufacturing interlocking data based on the AAS

standard and utilize data link sockets such as the EDC standard, which is an important factor in securing

compatibility and integration between various systems. Therefore, we aim to design an MES-SaaS platform that

enables SMEs to utilize MES and ERP software in line with the growth of the smart manufacturing

A smart factory is a manufacturing execution

system that utilizes cyber-physical systems (CPS)

and digital technologies. It enables the optimization

of the performance of manufacturing areas and the

automatic execution of production processes in real

time to adapt and learn from new conditions, [1].

Smart manufacturing provides insightful

information by collecting and analyzing data from

decision-making and execution.

organizations can realize several benefits. First, by

leveraging sensors, automation systems, and

artificial intelligence technology to monitor and

optimize production processes, they can increase

improve productivity and efficiency across

industries, [3].

continuously expanding, increasing from 15,641 in

2010 to 21,896 in 2019, and the number of workers

is decreasing, increasing the need and interest in

ICT and digital transformation. SMEs face high

initial costs and lack of resources to build and adopt

software such as MES/ERP (enterprise resource

planning). The lack of compatibility between

systems through ICT is becoming increasingly

important, and many investments are being made in

the digitalization of the manufacturing environment

to improve efficiency and competitiveness.

the economic, industrial, and social sectors and the

ICT sector by applying our specialization in the

precision machining industry and technical expertise

in SaaS cloud-based subscription systems.

Specifically, in the economic, industrial, and social

sectors, the SaaS model has the advantage of

management costs to increase the economic

efficiency of companies, and it can be applied to

various industries because it is provided in the form

of a platform. The SaaS model also improves

accessibility, making software available to small

businesses and those with smaller budgets, helping

companies develop more sustainable business

models.

MES-SaaS system. Section 4 discusses the

limitations of on-premises MES and the challenges

of moving to a subscription service. Section 5

presents conclusions and discusses future research

plans.

MES is a system that supports decision-making in

Fig. 2: Comparative Analysis of IaaS, PaaS, and

SaaS: Part 1

of on-premises infrastructure that provides

virtualized servers, storage, and networks. Server

resources based on usage and time, which greatly

reduces the initial investment cost. They also have

full control over virtual machines and other

computing resources, and can easily move existing

applications to the cloud environment, increasing

mobility and interoperability. However, it is

important to be aware of issues such as security

vulnerabilities in existing systems and potential

exposure in the cloud environment, [4].

On the left-hand side of RAMI 4.0, there is a unified

hierarchy that spans from physical assets to

functions. At the bottom of this hierarchy, "Assets"

includes physical or non-physical assets.

"Integration" refers to the communication of real-

world assets with the virtual world through digital

transformation. 'Communication' refers to the

communication and connectivity between different

assets (e.g. OPC-UA or Open Core Interface).

"Information" means data information on all assets.

prototype phase, you start with planning, design,

and testing. During this phase, you develop,

maintain, and test the product. In the finished

product stage, production takes place based on a

unique serial number. The rightmost horizontal axis

represents the production automation layer.

Production and Connected World are added to

existing automation standards to show

interoperability between facilities and products.

asset management shell, is a virtual, digital

between Industry 4.0 (I4.0) components in Germany

during the Fourth Industrial Revolution. In

manufacturing, assets include not only plant

equipment but also all physical and non-physical

values from order to delivery.

information and technical functions in

manufacturing in the information world. The

technology. First, the physical and non-physical

assets of I4.0 components must be uniquely

identifiable (identification), and the related asset

information must be reliable and adequately

described (representation). The AAS shall

communicate with each other, both actively and

passively (Communicate). The AAS should be

enables organizations to improve data quality and

interoperability.

Fig. 6: MES-SaaS System Architecture

from the UV laser, MSA, and collaborative robot,

which are collected and controlled through the PLC.

stored according to the AAS standard. To manage

the information assets, we used the AutomationML

AAS standard. This standard provides a basis for

required for precision machining, which are linked

to a PLC for automated control, facility collection,

and monitoring. It also consists of a database to

store data from the existing MES (Figure 7).

In addition, an Edge Gateway, which is

responsible for collecting and storing data from

PLCs, is required to configure a cloud-based MES-

SaaS platform. The Edge Gateway and PLC work in

a client-server manner and require OPC-UA

communication. This provides complementarity by

SaaS platform collects operational data by referring

to the AAS and utilizes it to recognize, install, and

configure equipment. It also constitutes a cloud

environment with enhanced capabilities to process

and analyze the collected data.

In terms of software configuration, a traditional

MES system works as a built-in infrastructure

the AAS standard format, you need AAS standard

conversion software. This software consists of a

logical Administration Shell a physical Raw

Database and Asset Module. The Asset Module

contains properties that define the unique

characteristics of information and submodels for

categorizing data. Submodels include Items,

Attributes, From to, etc. This allows non-standard

data to be converted to the AAS standard data

communication and collects AAS-based data. To

utilize this collected data, it is first organized into

the AAS standard data format and delivered to the

the importance of organizations adopting MES to

efficiently manage their production processes and

improve productivity. MES supports companies'

production processes by providing real-time

information, optimizing production schedules, and

controlling quality, and is recognized as a suitable

solution for smart factories, which are modern

manufacturing environments.

manufacturing economy, and these countries are

actively supporting SMEs to build smart factories

and have achieved various results, [14].

Korea's manufacturing industry has been relatively

slow to become smart compared to other advanced

manufacturing countries. In addition, since each

manufacturer has its unique operating environment

and requirements, it is difficult for each company to

design and build an MES system due to the high

responsible for monitoring the status of the

production process in real-time, managing work

benefits of a flexible system at a reasonable cost as

you can expand or contract the system as needed

and pay only for what you use, and it is provided as

a standard cloud service to minimize the cost of

deployment and maintenance.

to a cloud-based subscription MES. One of them is

data migration and compatibility. This means that

the data accumulated in the existing deployed MES

system must be migrated to the new ME-SaaS. At

and customize these features into your new MES-

SaaS, and if necessary, develop and configure them.

Next up is security and compliance. SMBs are

particularly distrustful of data sharing and use when

adopting the cloud, at 54.4%, which is 13.8% higher

than wait-and-see. This distrust stems from concerns

that data stored in the cloud can be easily shared or

used inappropriately by operators or others. There is

a need to have proper security policies and

compliance measures in place. In addition, the SaaS

model typically requires a monthly or annual

important. Initial investment and operational costs

need to be carefully calculated and managed.

Finally, there are contractual and legal aspects. SaaS

contracts and legal aspects also need to be

considered. Legal commitments, data ownership,

and transfer, contract duration, etc. should be clearly

defined.

[5] Choi, Jungran, Choi, Wan.

[6] Cavalieri, S., \& Salafia, M. G. (2020). Asset

[8] Georg Buchgeher, Bernhard Dorninger, Claus

[9] Johannes Olbort, Benjamin Röhm, Vladimir

[10] Neubauer, Michael, et al. "Architecture for

[11] Karagiannis, V., Al-Akrawi, A., \& Hödl, O.

[12] Seidel, A., Wenzel, K., Hänel, A., Teicher, U.,

[14] Mittal, Sameer, et al. "A critical review of