The Impact of Social Marketing on Enhancing Customer’s Loyalty for
Jordanian Insurance Companies
AHMAD WASFI MOHAMMAD ALBDOUR1, MANAL ALI ALMARASHDAH2,
MOHAMMED ALMOMANI1, HEBAH MAKHAMREH2, RO’AA ADNAN MUSTAFA1,
HISHAM ALI SHATNAWI1
1College of Business Administration,
Ajloun National University,
JORDAN
2College of Business Administration,
Jadara University,
JORDAN
Abstract: - This research examines the effect of social marketing on improving brand devotion among
insurance- company customers in Jordan. Utilizing descriptive and analytical methods, the study surveyed
northern province customers in Jerash, Irbid, and Ajloun. Of the 300 questionnaires distributed, 288 were
gathered, a 96% response rate. The data underwent various statistical analyses including regression, t-tests, and
variance analysis. The results show that social marketing among Jordanian insurance customers significantly
and favorably increases the behavioral and attitudinal components of brand loyalty. The newspaper proposes
that companies create specialized departments for social initiatives and media campaigns that enlighten the
public about pertinent facts to increase the degree of customer awareness and loyalty. This study examines the
connection between social media marketing and client loyalty in the Jordanian insurance industry. Additionally,
it offers helpful suggestions to businesses looking to improve their social media marketing efforts.
Key-Words: - Social Marketing, Brand Loyalty, Jordanian Insurance Companies, Expenditure Level,
Attitudinal Loyalty, Intensity of Repurchase, Quantitative.
Received: November 21, 2023. Revised: May 29, 2024. Accepted: June 27, 2024. Published: July 26, 2024.
1 Introduction
Regardless of economic challenges, businesses
operating in the insurance industry are required to
provide evidence that they make a significant
contribution to society. The significance of social
responsibility and the role that businesses play in
society has been brought to light as a result of
economic complications. Every one of these facets
has been taken into consideration, which has shown
the significance of social commitment, [1]. The
outcome is an increase in inflation, unemployment,
and economic instability all at the same time. When
one takes into consideration the challenges that are
present, the significance of social obligation
becomes more apparent. The social market is
becoming an increasingly important focus for
insurance companies as they work to find solutions
to these issues. To achieve their objectives in terms
of social development and marketing their services,
they use a wide range of strategies. The loyalty of
your insurance company's customers may rise if the
company's aims are in line with societal norms.
Both parties may benefit from this relationship.
Indeed, the answer is, [2].
For businesses to emerge from recessions, they
must employ business strategies that are sustainable,
socially responsible, and environmentally friendly.
Having this is necessary for the success of a firm.
An entrepreneur must possess both of these
attributes to be successful. Four. Ethics and the
environment are increasingly being integrated into
insurance company strategies to lower risk and
boost profitability. to accomplish both of the goals.
There are many different ways to demonstrate
environmental concern, including assisting other
people, lowering carbon emissions, and aggressively
marketing environmentally friendly goods and
services.
The economy, customer requirements, and
competition are some of the rising variable factors.
Indeed, the answer is, [3]. Customers have a great
deal of anticipation and anticipation. In light of the
expansion of digital technologies and social media,
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DOI: 10.37394/23207.2024.21.133
Ahmad Wasfi Mohammad Albdour, Manal Ali Almarashdah,
Mohammed Almomani, Hebah Makhamreh,
Ro’aa Adnan Mustafa, Hisham Ali Shatnawi
E-ISSN: 2224-2899
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businesses need to modify their marketing ratio to
maintain their competitive edge. By doing this, they
will be able to maintain their market share. They
need prosperity to compete. The ratios of
communication have changed due to technology.
The whole responsibility for this must be placed on
the advancement of technology. Social networking
is a strategy that insurance companies use to learn
about their customers and to retain them as
customers. The future of the insurance industry is
bright, notwithstanding the obstacles that are now
being faced. Through the use of social media,
insurance businesses have a chance to boost
consumer loyalty, [4]. The business views
difficulties as a chance to grow and differentiate
itself from competitors in the industry, [2]. Despite
the present economic storm, the insurance industry
may likely be able to weather it and contribute to the
building of an economy that is more resilient and
financially sustainable, [5]. The employment of
market and social marketing strategies will allow for
the successful completion of both of these
objectives.
Because of the significant increase in social,
economic, and environmental difficulties that have
happened over the course of the last few years,
companies have been driven to connect with their
workers and customers. This is because these issues
have occurred, [6]. This is the outcome of
unanticipated problems. Corporate objectives have
reexamined the development of enterprises'
competitiveness in the global market and the
expansion of ecologically and socially conscious
customer groups, [3]. To meet the demands of the
modern business environment, businesses utilize
social media platforms to market their goods and
services and stay in touch with their customers. In
their work, [7], [8] contend that social marketing is
neither a theory nor a notion. According to them, it
is neither. Despite this, a wide range of other ideas,
including those from the disciplines of
anthropology, psychology, and communication,
have an impact on it. This has the intention of
altering behavior.
The economic downturn has directly led
insurance companies to reevaluate their strategies
and take on more social responsibility. specifically,
the insurance industry. If insurance companies
match their objectives with the larger objectives of
society and apply environmentally responsible
practices, they may be able to boost brand loyalty
and contribute to the creation of a more sustainable
future.
2 Literature Review
There is an increasing need for a study that
examines the nuances of customer loyalty in this
specific context, given the recent significant
developments that have occurred in Jordan's fast-
developing insurance industry, [9]. The insurance
industry in Jordan is growing quickly, which is why.
This research aims to examine the impact of social
marketing methods used by insurance businesses in
Jordan on the degree of customer loyalty that these
organizations have, keeping in mind the dynamic
character of the insurance industry. The inquiry
aims to analyze many aspects of market marketing
and also promote social service values by examining
the various ways in which market marketing is used
in social services, [10].
The goal of this research is to get insight into the
intricate relationship that exists between brand
attitude, spending power, frequency of purchases,
and brand loyalty. Through the application of this
study, this will be achieved. This study will analyze
the body of current literature to compile important
data, pinpoint areas for more investigation, and
provide the groundwork for further research on the
connection between social marketing initiatives and
client loyalty in Jordanian insurance companies. The
investigation will specifically concentrate on
insurance businesses in Jordan.
2.1 Social Marketing
The relationship between Social Marketing and
Enhancing Customer Loyalty is the focus of the
present study's first section. Social marketing is a
planned strategy for changing behavior that benefits
both people and society as a whole. It comprises
using marketing ideas and strategies to persuade
individuals to make informed choices, adopt
healthier routines, and enhance community well-
being via positive social change. Addressing
societal concerns and achieving particular
behavioral objectives for the greater benefit are the
goals, [11].
Many studies focused on this relationship and
studied the effect of social marketing and enhancing
loyalty, [2], [11], [12]. One of the studies was
conducted by [13], on Some Companies of the Iraqi
Ministry of Industry and Minerals The objective of
this study was to identify the impact of marketing
ethics on enhancing the mental image of business
organizations through a field study on some
companies affiliated with the Iraqi Ministry of
Industry and Minerals.
The researcher employed a descriptive-analytical
methodology, and the study's key findings included
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Ahmad Wasfi Mohammad Albdour, Manal Ali Almarashdah,
Mohammed Almomani, Hebah Makhamreh,
Ro’aa Adnan Mustafa, Hisham Ali Shatnawi
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the overall positive and ethical impact of marketing
ethics on the mental image. The most influential
elements of marketing ethics in enhancing the
mental image, ranked from most to least influential,
were honesty and integrity, justice, citizenship, and
responsibility. Moreover, [14], conducted a study
focused on the impacts of social marketing
applications on customer behavior and customer
Loyalty. The researcher found that results indicated
that social marketing initiatives have a significant
impact on client loyalty as well as consumer
behavior.
Customerspreferences regarding businesses and
corporations are being positively impacted by the
use of social marketing, and brand awareness, the
rate at which a brand comes to mind, which fosters
consumer loyalty, is rising, [15]. The findings of the
research point to the necessity for businesses to use
marketing initiatives successfully and efficiently for
a set amount of time, together with a trained crew
and a sufficient budget, for them to fulfill their
obligations to the community. Instead of viewing
social marketing as an unnecessary expense,
businesses can embrace it as a long-term strategic
investment tool, [16]. Therefore, it can be
hypothesized the following:
H1: There is a significant effect of social
marketing with its dimensions (social services,
social ideas) in enhancing brand loyalty with its
dimensions (expenditure level, attitudinal loyalty,
intensity of repurchase) among clients of insurance
companies in Jordan.
2.2 Expenditure Level
The second segment of the current study is about the
relationship between social marketing (social
services, social ideas) and expenditure level. The
term "expenditure level" generally refers to the
amount of money spent on goods, services, or
specific categories over a given period. It can apply
to individual consumers, households, businesses, or
even entire economies. Understanding the notion is
essential to comprehending both consumer behavior
and economic activities, [17].
The impact of CSR associations, brand
awareness, satisfaction, and brand attitude as drivers
of brand loyalty is examined in [18]. An outline of
the conceptual framework for brand loyalty is
provided within the parameters of this study. The
framework is a reflective construct of the second
order and consists of four elements: spending level,
recommendation intention, buy intention, and
attitude loyalty. It has been established that social
media marketing plays a significant part in the
process of creating market loyalty, as well as the
fact that customers spend more money on these
items.
As a consequence, it is clear that social market
strategies have the potential to significantly
influence consumer behavior, perhaps leading to an
increase in the amount of money spent on goods and
services. There are two ways that firms may raise
their consumers' spending: by using social media
marketing to foster brand loyalty and to encourage
larger purchases. Because of this relationship,
businesses that want to enhance their market
strategies and raise their chances of financial
success must have a thorough grasp of it, [17].
Thus, we propose the following hypothesis:
H2: There is a significant effect of social
marketing with its dimensions (social services,
social ideas) in enhancing the expenditure level for
insurance client companies in Jordan.
2.3 Attitudinal Loyalty
Understanding how social marketing affects
different customers' behavior and loyalty is
becoming more and more important, especially in
light of the current economic difficulties the nation
is experiencing. The aforementioned problems
underscore the significance of firms focusing their
efforts on augmenting client loyalty and
expenditure. This may be facilitated by using
efficacious social marketing strategies. The
importance of businesses in the insurance sector
working together with their customers to overcome
these challenges has also been brought to light by
the current economic problems that have occurred.
For businesses to be able to modify their operations
to meet the requirements of the modern business
world and to achieve a competitive advantage in the
international market, this partnership has become
very necessary, [19].
The third segment of the current study is about
the relationship between social marketing and
Attitudinal loyalty. Several marketing studies have
reported that social marketing and Corporate social
responsibility can positively affect consumer
attitudes towards the firm and its offerings and
social marketing has a significant impact on
consumer attitudes which enhances loyalty for
clients among these studies is the study of [20],
[21], [22], [23], [24], [25]. Therefore, the research
has hypothesized the following:
H3: There is a significant effect of social
marketing with its dimensions (social services,
social ideas) in enhancing the Attitudinal loyalty
among clients of insurance companies in Jordan.
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DOI: 10.37394/23207.2024.21.133
Ahmad Wasfi Mohammad Albdour, Manal Ali Almarashdah,
Mohammed Almomani, Hebah Makhamreh,
Ro’aa Adnan Mustafa, Hisham Ali Shatnawi
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2.4 Intensity of Repurchase
The fourth segment of the current study is about the
relationship between social marketing (social
services, social ideas) and the intensity of
repurchase. Many studies focused on this
relationship and studied the effect of social
marketing (social services, social ideas) and the
intensity of repurchasing. Furthermore, [26],
conducted a study to explain to identify the impact
of company image, trust, and prices on customer
satisfaction and the intensity of repurchasing in the
largest retail businesses in, Indonesia. The study
concluded that there is a positive relationship
between trust and product price toward customer
satisfaction and the intensity of repurchase.
However, the company's image has a negative
relationship with the intensity of repurchase, [6].
One could hypothesize the following:
H4 There is a significant impact of significance
level on social marketing and its dimensions (social
services, social ideas) in enhancing the intensity of
repurchase among insurance company clients in
Jordan.
2.5 Overview of the Conceptual Framework
The study's conceptual framework highlights the
importance of attitude loyalty, which is a customer's
strong attachment to a brand and extremely positive
thoughts. People are highly resistant to moving to
competitors and publicly support the brand because
of this deep emotional connection. It is
recommended that companies distinguish their
brands through distinctive features so that customers
can fairly compare them to other brands.
Furthermore, the framework emphasizes how
important it is to cultivate attitudinal loyalty through
fair communication and ethical behavior. It claims
that establishing credibility and trust, ethical
behavior, and open communication will improve
customer loyalty. The framework also emphasizes
how corporate social responsibility (CSR) and social
marketing influence customer attitudes. Research
indicates that such endeavors have the potential to
favorably impact customers' opinions of a business
and its offerings, ultimately cultivating a sense of
loyalty toward the brand.
The framework offers a theoretical foundation
for comprehending the intricate relationship
between customer attitudes, behaviors, and loyalty
by outlining five fundamental ideas. It emphasizes
the significance of ethical behavior, efficient
communication, and strategic initiatives like social
marketing and CSR in establishing and preserving
great customer relationships in the insurance
industry.
According to [27], attitude loyalty highlights a
customer's overwhelmingly positive attitude about a
supplier or brand. Customers' strong emotional
attachment to a brand is fueled by this attitudinal
strength, [28], which in turn encourages them to
publicly support the brand with strong opinions,
[27]. Customers clearly understand the distinctions
between the brands that are available and
demonstrate the strongest level of resistance to
situational barriers, [29]. It recommends that
businesses define their brands based on distinctive
qualities so that consumers may fairly compare
them to competitors. Fair communication also
encourages coproduction among clients, which
boosts their attitude of loyalty, [30]. Furthermore, a
firm's ethical performance fosters significant
attitudinal loyalty, [31].
According to several marketing studies, social
marketing and corporate social responsibility (CSR)
can have a positive impact on consumers' attitudes
toward a company and its products. One study that
found that social marketing significantly affects
consumer attitudes is, [20], [21], [22], [23], [24],
[25].
In Figure 1, you will find the concept framework
model for this study.
Fig. 1: Concept Framework Model
3 Research Methods
This study relied on the descriptive and analytical
methodology to describe and explain the reality of
study variables, represented by the independent
variable, which is social marketing, and the
dependent variable, which is the mental image.
Study Population: The study population consists
of insurance company clients in the northern
provinces (Irbid, Ajloun, Jerash). Their number is
(650) clients according to the companies' data for
the year 2023.
The study sample consisted of insurance
company clients in the northern provinces (Irbid,
Ajloun, Jerash), selected through purposive random
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Ahmad Wasfi Mohammad Albdour, Manal Ali Almarashdah,
Mohammed Almomani, Hebah Makhamreh,
Ro’aa Adnan Mustafa, Hisham Ali Shatnawi
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sampling, with a total of (300) individuals from the
study population. (288) questionnaires were
retrieved, and all were valid for analysis, with a
percentage of (96%), during the year 2023.
4 Instrument Development
To achieve the study objectives and obtain results,
the study instrument was designed in the form of a
questionnaire based on theoretical literature and
previous studies.
Presentation of Results and Hypothesis Testing
Presentation and analysis of study data: Arithmetic
means for the independent variable of social
marketing with its dimensions. To answer the main
question of the study: Does social marketing (social
services, social ideas) have an impact on the mental
image and its dimensions (expenditure level,
attitudinal loyalty, Intensity of Repurchase) among
insurance company clients in Jordan? The arithmetic
means and standard deviations were calculated to
illustrate the impact of social marketing, as shown
in Table 1.
Table 1. Arithmetic means and standard deviations
for each dimension of the study tool.
Rank
Field of
Study
Arithmetic
Mean
1
Social
Marketing
3.682
Dimensions of
Social Marketing
3.682
5 Results
Table 1 shows that the arithmetic means of the
impact of social marketing on enhancing brand
loyalty among customers of insurance companies in
Jordan, from their perspective, was (3.682) with a
standard deviation of (1.067). The arithmetic means
and standard deviations were calculated for the
estimates of the study sample on social media
marketing items as follows:
5.1 First Domain: Social Marketing
To illustrate the degree of assessment of this
domain, arithmetic means, standard deviations, and
the grade for the items after strategic planning were
used (Table 2).
Table 2 shows that the arithmetic means for the
first domain, Social Media Marketing as a whole, is
(3.682) with a standard deviation of (1.067),
indicating a high degree. The arithmetic means for
the items in the first domain, Social Marketing,
ranging from (3.891 to 3.601). Paragraph number
(1), which states "Companies seek to build
relationships with their customers to help them
acquire behavioral skills that make them more self-
reliant," ranked first with an average of (3.891) and
a high degree, with a standard deviation of (1.1803).
On the other hand, paragraph number (7), which
states "Companies consider customer satisfaction
primarily before any other considerations," ranked
last with an average of (3.601), indicating a
moderate degree, and a standard deviation of
(1.0478).
Table 2. arithmetic means, standard deviations,
and the grade for the items
Rank
NO
Paragraphs
Arithmetic
Mean
Standard
deviation
Degree
1
1
1
3.891
1.1803
High
2
22
2
3.787
1.1375
High
3
10
3
3.736
1.1384
High
4
5
4
3.729
1.0672
High
5
4
5
3.722
1.0083
High
6
13
6
3.712
1.0544
High
7
21
7
3.705
1.0222
High
8
9
8
3.698
.9960
High
9
2
9
3.694
1.0445
High
10
3
10
3.674
1.0178
High
11
11
11
3.670
1.0320
High
11
17
12
3.670
1.0943
High
12
18
13
3.653
1.1343
Medium
13
12
14
3.649
1.0217
Medium
14
15
15
3.642
1.0496
Medium
15
8
16
3.635
1.0371
Medium
15
19
17
3.635
1.0168
Medium
15
20
18
3.635
1.0236
Medium
16
14
19
3.632
1.1215
Medium
17
6
20
3.618
1.1506
Medium
18
16
21
3.615
1.0791
Medium
19
7
22
3.601
1.0478
Medium
Total Score
3.682
1.067
High
Based on these values, the researcher attributes
this result to the insurance companies' commitment
to adopting a comprehensive systematic approach.
This approach involves authenticating, identifying,
attracting, and then satisfying customers, meeting
their needs and desires according to their
capabilities, and establishing long-term
relationships. This implies retaining them. The
arithmetic means of the dependent variable enhance
brand loyalty with its dimensions.
The means and standard deviations were
extracted for each dimension of the dependent
variable, and then the paragraphs for each
dimension were as follows: expenditure level,
attitudinal loyalty, and intensity of repurchase.
Table 3 indicates that the arithmetic mean of the
dimensions of brand loyalty as a whole is 3.732,
with a standard deviation of 1.0714 and a (high)
degree of variation. The arithmetic means ranged
between 3.778 and 3.678, with (expenditure level)
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Ahmad Wasfi Mohammad Albdour, Manal Ali Almarashdah,
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Ro’aa Adnan Mustafa, Hisham Ali Shatnawi
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ranking first and having the highest arithmetic mean
of 3.778 and a standard deviation of 1.0517, with a
(high) degree of variation. Following in the second
position is the (attitudinal loyalty) with an
arithmetic mean of 3.741, a standard deviation of
1.0785, and a (high) degree of variation. In the third
and last position is the (intensity of repurchase) with
an arithmetic mean of 3.678, a standard deviation of
1.0714, and a (high) degree of variation.
The arithmetic means and standard deviations for
the estimates of the study sample individuals on
paragraphs of each dimension were calculated
separately as follows.
Table 3. Arithmetic means and standard deviations
for dimensions of the mental image.
Rank
NO
Dimensions
Arithmetic
Mean
Standard
deviation
Degree
3
3
expenditure
level
3.778
1.0571
High
2
2
attitudinal
loyalty
3.741
1.0785
High
1
1
intensity of
repurchase
3.678
1.0785
High
All Dimensions
1.07139
3.732
5.2 First Dimension: Expenditure Level
To answer the first sub-question: Does social
marketing, with its dimensions (social services,
social ideas), have an impact on enhancing the
expenditure level among insurance company clients
in Jordan? Arithmetic means, standard deviations,
and degrees for paragraphs of the first dimension,
the cognitive dimension, were used, and Table 4
illustrates this.
Table 4. Arithmetic means, standard deviations,
ranks, and grades for paragraphs of the first
dimension: expenditure level, arranged in
descending order
Rank
NO
Paragraphs
Arithmetic
Mean
Standard
deviation
Degree
1
3
1
3.812
1.1352
High
2
4
2
3.736
1.0358
High
3
1
3
3.677
1.0706
High
4
6
4
3.653
1.0646
Medium
5
5
5
3.636
1.0555
Medium
6
2
6
3.552
1.1094
Medium
Aggregated Paragraphs of
the expenditure level
3.678
1.0785
High
Table 4 shows that the average expenditure level
dimension as a whole is (3.678) with a standard
deviation of (1.785), indicating a high level. The
calculated averages for the cognitive dimension
ranged from (3.812 to 3.552). Paragraph (3) ranked
highest, with an average of (3.812), a high degree,
and a standard deviation of (1.135). On the other
hand, paragraph (2) ranked lowest, with an average
of (3.552), a medium degree, and a standard
deviation of (1.109).
5.3 The Second Dimension is Attitudinal
Loyalty
To answer the second sub-question: Does social
marketing, in its dimensions (social services, social
ideas), have an impact on enhancing the attitudinal
loyalty of insurance company clients in Jordan?
Averages, standard deviations, and degrees were
used for the paragraphs of the second dimension: the
emotional dimension, as shown in Table 5.
Table 5. Arithmetic means, standard deviations,
ranks, and grades for paragraphs of the second
dimension: attitudinal loyalty, arranged in
descending order
Rank
NO
Paragraphs
Arithmetic
Mean
Standard
deviation
Degree
1
2
1
3.851
1.1696
High
2
1
2
3.767
1.0713
High
3
6
3
3.757
1.0707
High
5
10
4
3.747
1.0266
High
4
9
5
3.743
1.0376
High
5
3
6
3.735
1.0274
High
6
8
7
3.719
1.2014
High
7
5
8
3.708
1.0147
High
8
4
9
3.691
1.0747
High
8
7
10
3.691
1.0908
High
Aggregated Paragraphs of
the Attitudinal Loyalty
3.678
1.0785
High
Table 5 shows that the average for the attitudinal
loyalty dimension as a whole is (3.741) with a
standard deviation of (1.078), indicating a high
degree. The calculated averages for the attitudinal
loyalty dimension paragraphs ranged from (3.851 to
3.69). Paragraph (2) ranked first, with an average of
(3.851), indicating a high degree, and a standard
deviation of (1.169). On the other hand, paragraph
(7) ranked last, with an average of (3.691),
indicating a high degree, and a standard deviation of
(1.098).
The third dimension: the intensity of repurchase.
to answer the third sub-question: Does social
marketing, with its dimensions (social services,
social ideas), have an impact on enhancing the
intensity of repurchase among customers of
insurance companies in Jordan? Averages, standard
deviations, and degrees were used for the
paragraphs of the third dimension: intensity of
repurchase and Table 6 illustrates that.
Table 6 shows that the mean of the expenditure
level as a whole is (3.97) with a standard deviation
of (0.987) and a (high) degree. The mean scores for
the expenditure level ranged from (3.97 to 3.67).
Paragraph number (9), ranked first with an average
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Ahmad Wasfi Mohammad Albdour, Manal Ali Almarashdah,
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of (3.97) and a (high) degree, with a standard
deviation of (0.987). On the other hand, paragraph
number (8) ranked last, with an average of (3.674) a
(high) degree, and a standard deviation of (1.149).
Table 6. Contains the arithmetic means, standard
deviations, ranks, and grades for the third-dimension
paragraphs: intensity of repurchase, arranged in
descending order
Rank
NO
Paragraphs
Arithmetic
Mean
Standard
deviation
Degree
1
9
1
3.9767
.98774
High
2
6
2
3.8837
1.07370
High
3
1
3
3.778
1.0423
High
4
3
4
3.750
1.0526
High
5
7
5
3.7442
1.02569
High
6
2
6
3.733
1.0923
High
7
4
7
3.733
1.0265
High
8
5
8
3.732
1.0649
High
9
8
9
3.6744
1.14893
High
Aggregated Paragraphs on
the intensity of repurchase
3.7783
1.05718
High
The researcher tested H1. To test this hypothesis
and subsequent hypotheses, the researcher needed to
conduct a preliminary test to determine the
suitability of the data collected through the
questionnaire for the tests related to examining the
validity of the hypotheses in this thesis. For this
purpose, the researcher used the inflation variance
coefficient, the permissible variance test coefficient,
and the distortion coefficient. Table 7 illustrates
this:
Table 7. Results of H1 testing
Sequence
Independent
Variables
Inflation
Variance
Variability
Test
Coefficient of
Skewness
1
Social Marketing
(Social Services,
Social Ideas)
3.129
0.323
- 0.2740
Table 8. Results of Simple Regression Analysis
Variable
T
Value
R-
Value
R2
Value
F
Value
P-
value
Pearson
χ2
Attitudinal
loyalty
71.469
0.849
0.722
12.763
.000
495.412
(0.000)
Expenditure
level
69.123
0.853
0.728
11.997
.000
212.077
(0.000)
Intensity of
repurchase
30.607
0.900
0.809
10.138
.000
360.719
(0.000)
The data in Table 7 clearly shows no apparent
linear overlap between the dimensions of the
independent variable. Evidence for this is evident
from the variance inflation factor (VIF) test data for
all dimensions. The results of the VIF test ranged
between (3.129), and these values are below the
standard range represented by the number (10). The
critical value for this test is (2), and the allowable
variance test value was (0.323). This indicates that
the study data follows a normal distribution if it
deviates by more than (5%). To confirm these
results, a skewness test was conducted, and its result
was less than (1). Furthermore, these data indicate a
significant dissimilarity between the paragraphs and
dimensions of the dependent variable.
The researcher suggests that the above
preliminary test results represent a basis for testing
social marketing with its dimensions (social
services, social ideas). Now, hypothesis testing is
available. Therefore, the first main hypothesis was
tested to verify the absence of an impact of social
marketing (social services, social ideas) on
enhancing brand loyalty among insurance company
clients in Jordan.
H2 was tested based on simple regression
analysis. The researcher tested this hypothesis by
conducting a simple regression analysis as follows.
Table 8 indicates that social marketing has a
significant impact on enhancing the expenditure
level among insurance company clients in Jordan.
The value of (T) is 69.123, representing the impact
value of enhancing the expenditure level of brand
loyalty. The value of (R) is 0.853, representing the
total correlation coefficient, and the value of (R2) is
0.728, representing the percentage of influence and
explanation of the cognitive dimension. The value
of (F) is 11.997 with a statistical significance of
(0.000). For H3, the researcher tested this
hypothesis by conducting a simple regression
analysis as follows.
It is evident from Table 8 that attitudinal loyalty
is significantly influenced by social marketing. The
value of (T) is 71.469, representing the impact of
attitudinal loyalty from social marketing. The value
of (R) is 0.849, representing the total correlation
coefficient. The value of (R2) is 0.722, indicating the
percentage of impact and explanation of the
attitudinal loyalty from social marketing. The value
of (F) is 12.763 with statistical significance (0.000).
The results of Table 8 indicate that the intensity
of repurchase is significantly affected by social
marketing from the perspective of insurance
company customers in Jordan. The value of (T) was
(30.607), representing the impact of the intensity of
the repurchase dimension of social marketing. The
value of (R) was (0.900), representing the total
correlation coefficient, and the value of (R2) was
(0.809), representing the percentage of influence
and explanation of the intensity of repurchase
dimension by social marketing. Additionally, the
value of (F) was (10.138) with a statistical
significance (0.000).
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on BUSINESS and ECONOMICS
DOI: 10.37394/23207.2024.21.133
Ahmad Wasfi Mohammad Albdour, Manal Ali Almarashdah,
Mohammed Almomani, Hebah Makhamreh,
Ro’aa Adnan Mustafa, Hisham Ali Shatnawi
E-ISSN: 2224-2899
1639
Volume 21, 2024
6 Conclusion
In conclusion, social marketing has a significant and
positive influence on the level of brand loyalty
among Jordanians. The behavioral and attitudinal
components of brand loyalty have been
demonstrated to have a significant relationship with
social marketing efforts. This concludes the study.
In statistical analysis, regression and variance tests
are used in order to determine the nature of this
relationship. According to the data, Jordanian
insurance companies are required to take part in
social media initiatives and campaigns with the
objective of boosting client loyalty and awareness.
These results provide Jordanian insurance
businesses significant fresh views and ideas for
improving their social media marketing strategies
and increasing the loyalty of their customers.
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Ahmad Wasfi Mohammad Albdour, Manal Ali Almarashdah,
Mohammed Almomani, Hebah Makhamreh,
Ro’aa Adnan Mustafa, Hisham Ali Shatnawi
E-ISSN: 2224-2899
1640
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Contribution of Individual Authors to the
Creation of a Scientific Article (Ghostwriting
Policy)
The authors equally contributed in the present
research, at all stages from the formulation of the
problem to the final findings and solution.
Sources of Funding for Research Presented in a
Scientific Article or Scientific Article Itself
No funding was received for conducting this study.
Conflict of Interest
The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
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(Attribution 4.0 International, CC BY 4.0)
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WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on BUSINESS and ECONOMICS
DOI: 10.37394/23207.2024.21.133
Ahmad Wasfi Mohammad Albdour, Manal Ali Almarashdah,
Mohammed Almomani, Hebah Makhamreh,
Ro’aa Adnan Mustafa, Hisham Ali Shatnawi
E-ISSN: 2224-2899
1641
Volume 21, 2024