The Influence of the Innovation Potential of Personnel on Strengthening

Economic Security of Ukrainian Enterprises in the Post-War Period

CHEREP ALLA1a, ADAMENKO MARYNA2b, CHEREP OLEKSANDR3c, DASHKO IRYNA3d,

KOROLENKO RITA2e, KORNUKH OKSANA2f

1Faculty of Economics, Dean

Zaporizhzhia National University

Zhukovsky Str., 66, Zaporizhzhia, 69600,

UKRAINE

2Department of Finance of Business Entities and Innovative Development

Kryvyi Rih National University

11 Vitaliy Matusevych Str., Kryvyi Rih, 50027

UKRAINE

3Department of Personnel management and Marketing

Zaporizhzhia National University

Zhukovsky Str., 66, Zaporizhzhia, 69600, UKRAINE

ahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5253-7481, bhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0738-1067,

chttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3098-0105, dhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5784-4237,

ehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-3350, fhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8742-2852

Abstract: - The article aims to determine the influence of the innovation potential of personnel on strengthening

economic security of Ukrainian enterprises in the post-war period. The object of the article is the process of

strengthening economic security of Ukrainian enterprises considering the use of innovation potential of their

personnel. The study uses general scientific theoretical methods: generalization, explanation, grouping - to

analyze economists’ views of the study object and draw conclusions of the content analysis of primary sources,

analysis and synthesis - to clarify the main scientific categories of the study, substantiate new conceptual

provisions. Four obstacles have been identified to the positive influence of the innovation potential of personnel

on strengthening economic security which consist in the absence of an innovative component in the advanced

training program for personnel of most Ukrainian companies and government institutions; an indicator related

to the innovation potential of personnel in the regulatory legal acts of Ukraine on innovative development; joint

projects of the state and private partners to increase the innovation potential of personnel; a relevant state body

that would deal with strategic issues of cooperation with business structures and other private enterprises. The

article proposes directions of solving the identified problems. The proposed directions are of scientific novelty

and practical value and can be used in development of joint projects to strengthen economic security in the

energy sector, construction, import substitution and other fields. Consideration of innovative competences,

technical and professional potential will allow solving the issues of combating terrorism, cybercrime, protecting

critical infrastructure, eliminating consequences of emergencies and environmental disasters, restoring

activities of enterprises in various sectors of the economy.

Key-Words: - Competencies, Economic Security, Personnel’s Innovation Potential, Post-War Period, War

Received: May 15, 2022. Revised: August 4, 2022. Accepted: August 26, 2022. Available online: September 15, 2022.

1 Introduction

The government of Ukraine has a plan for economic

recovery, the main directions of which are energy

independence, development of military technologies

and raw materials production for further export as

well as rapid logistics [1]. Along with restoration of

infrastructure and housing for the population, this

will strengthen economic security of Ukraine and

Ukrainian enterprises accompanied by deprivation

of energy, military, commodity dependence on other

countries. In addition, transition to exporting

processed raw materials of industries where

Ukrainian enterprises have competitive advantages

in the world markets (primarily in agriculture and

metallurgy) will allow increasing the income and

profits of producers at the same volumes of sales.

Also, the plan presented by the Ukrainian

government provides for participation of primarily

WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on BUSINESS and ECONOMICS

DOI: 10.37394/23207.2023.20.8

Cherep Alla, Adamenko Maryna,

Cherep Oleksandr, Dashko Iryna,

Korolenko Rita, Kornukh Oksana

E-ISSN: 2224-2899

Volume 20, 2023

Ukrainian producers and companies (at least 60%)

in economic recovery.

Thus, such factors as emergence of new

enterprises in the fields of energy, military

technologies and raw materials processing, as well

as involvement of primarily Ukrainian enterprises in

economic recovery will contribute to emergence of

such positive socio-economic effects as increased

employment, creation of new jobs, intensification

and enhancement of business activities. The totality

of these factors will ensure cash revenues to budgets

of all levels, which cumulatively with the mentioned

socio-economic effects will contribute to

strengthening economic security.

New ways of post-war development of Ukraine

will require not only investments of the state and

business structures (private partners) in new

production, restoration of infrastructure, etc., but

also innovatively active personnel whose

intellectual capital will become a significant factor

for strengthening economic security [2]. In the new

conditions, personnel should not do their work

routinely; they should have their own innovation

potential the use of which is important in non-

standard situations of development and

implementation of the joint state – business projects.

However, Ukraine is facing a shortage of skilled

labor. Thus, in 2021, about a third of business

owners noted this as one of the significant obstacles

in industry (30%), information services (28%),

construction (23%) [3]. In the public sector of the

economy, there is also a need for highly qualified

personnel, in particular for narrow specialists in the

field of tender documentation preparation and

project support.

The importance of personnel’s innovation

potential for development of enterprises is

considered by many scientists. The paper [4] studies

the essence and methods of assessing the innovation

potential of personnel. The author treats innovation

potential as a set of inclinations, capabilities and

desires that form abilities of employees a business

owner can apply in innovation activities. So we can

say that the innovation potential of personnel is

associated with formation of innovative

competences. [5] focuses on such an element of the

innovation potential of personnel as digital

competences that influence the level of economic

security of enterprises. Indicators characterizing the

innovation potential during assessment of enterprise

employees’ innovative activity are dealt with in [6].

The authors emphasize that the readiness of

personnel for innovations significantly influences

realization of their innovative potential. Here, the

following key indicators characterizing the

innovator are taken into account: the professional

qualification level; business qualities; complexity of

functions; the level of education, professionalism;

the ability and desire to innovate; the ability to use

the borrowed competence; informational and

organizational readiness for innovation. However,

the link with economic security of the enterprise

remains out of sight here.

The methodology for assessing the personnel’s

innovation potential as an indicator of the

innovativeness of the enterprise and methods of its

analysis are given in [7, 8]. The authors propose to

consider the integrated level of the innovation

potential on the basis of determining partial

indicators of aggregate innovative abilities and

opportunities of employees formed on the basis of

assessment of the following competences:

generating ideas, thinking creatively, learning new

things, adapting to new conditions, communicating

in a project team, etc. There is also defined an

integrated indicator of efficiency of employees’

innovative activity. These works do not take into

account the influence on economic security of

enterprises, though the integral indicators developed

by the authors can be used in assessing its level.

However, some elements are considered in [9]

where a methodology for assessing economic

security of personnel is proposed. Nevertheless, the

authors do not pay attention to the role of innovative

competences in this problem. Despite the significant

contribution of the above-mentioned specialists, the

role of innovation potential of personnel in

implementing projects of cooperation between the

state and private enterprises is not sufficiently

covered by scientists due to specificity of the issue.

In addition, importance of people in the process

of implementing innovations within the framework

of public-private partnership is emphasized [10].

However, in the scientific literature, such a complex

problem as the role of personnel’s innovation

potential in cooperation between the state and

business to strengthen economic security of

Ukrainian enterprises in the post-war period remains

undisclosed.

2 Problem Formulation

In Ukraine, there are separate programs for training

and advanced training of personnel of state bodies,

local self-government bodies and state institutions in

the field of cooperation between the state and

business, e.g. “Implementation of digitalization

tools in state institutions”, “Gender equality”,

“European integration”, “Change management”,

“Leadership”, etc. As a rule, there is no innovation

WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on BUSINESS and ECONOMICS

DOI: 10.37394/23207.2023.20.8

Cherep Alla, Adamenko Maryna,

Cherep Oleksandr, Dashko Iryna,

Korolenko Rita, Kornukh Oksana

E-ISSN: 2224-2899

Volume 20, 2023

component in such training programs, which is the

first of the problems we have highlighted. For

private companies and non-governmental

organizations, training seminars and forums are held

to inform and advise on the processes of

implementation of state-business cooperation

projects. Again, there is no innovation component.

As for development of the innovation potential of

partner private enterprise personnel, it is carried out

by such companies independently within the

framework of their budget and corporate innovation

strategy.

In relation to personnel, even the Strategy for

Development of Innovation for the Period up to

2030 adopted by the Government of Ukraine

contains only one indicator – the share of employees

in enterprises the high- and medium-tech sectors of

industry in the total number of employees in the

industry. There is no indicator related to the

innovation potential of personnel, or at least their

innovative competences. This is the second problem

to be addressed.

Thus, it should be noted that due to the fact that

Ukraine’s cooperation with private enterprises

before the war with the Russian Federation was at

the stage of formation, some problems, in particular

those related to development of the innovation

potential of personnel, are not fully solved.

Development of the innovation potential of

personnel when implementing cooperation projects

of the Ukrainian state and private enterprises was

fragmentary and inconsistent in nature. At the same

time, there are no joint projects to increase the

innovative potential of personnel. And this is the

third of the problems we have highlighted, but no

less significant. This may become an obstacle to

implementing the plan of economic recovery of

Ukraine and strengthening economic security of

enterprises. The Ukrainian government’s

emphasizing energy efficiency projects in all

business areas, new effective logistics, military-tech,

modernized raw materials production and new high-

tech processing enterprises requires a high level of

innovativeness of personnel who will develop and

implement relevant projects.

Fig. 1 demonstrates the place and importance of

the innovation potential of personnel in cooperation

between the state and Ukrainian enterprises in order

to strengthen economic security in the post-war

period.

Fig. 1: The place and importance of innovation

potential of personnel in cooperation between the

state and Ukrainian enterprises in order to

strengthen economic security in the post-war period

(developed by the authors)

Thus, personnel’s innovation potential is a link in

the system of cooperation between the state and

business and a starting point for determining what

people are required both for state authorities and at

private enterprises-partners, what they should be

taught, what should be considered when selecting

them or when assessing current employees’

innovative activity, etc.

In our opinion, the task of developing the

innovation potential of personnel in the field of

cooperation between the state and private

enterprises should be assigned to a relevant state

body. At the moment, there is no special state body

in Ukraine that deals with strategic issues of

cooperation with business structures and other

private enterprises. And this is the fourth of the

problems we have identified. We believe that in the

post-war period creation of such a body will become

urgent. Its functions can include development of the

concept and implementation of the state policy in

the field of developing joint projects with business

structures, implementation of representative,

organizational and coordination functions, training

and development of partners at all levels, control

and maintenance of efficiency of project

implementation as well as development and

implementation of measures to increase the

innovative potential of personnel of parties to

cooperation between the state and private

enterprises. Before the war, in the absence of such a

state body, these functions were performed by

individual ministries within implementation of

certain projects they were responsible for. Besides,

Restoration of infrastructure facilities, housing for

the population, construction of new enterprises in

the field of energy, raw materials processing, import

substitution, military technologies, digital business

in Ukraine

Private

enterprises

State represented by the

government, state institutions

Personnel’s innovative competences

Personnel’s innovative potential

Joint projects

WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on BUSINESS and ECONOMICS

DOI: 10.37394/23207.2023.20.8

Cherep Alla, Adamenko Maryna,

Cherep Oleksandr, Dashko Iryna,

Korolenko Rita, Kornukh Oksana

E-ISSN: 2224-2899

Volume 20, 2023

in 2019, the State Organization “Agency on Support

of Public-Private Partnership” was founded.

However, its competences included a limited range

of issues: consulting on public-private partnerships,

training project teams, assistance in preparation of

project documentation, etc.

Forming an effective system of training all

subjects of the state and private enterprises

cooperation will gain importance. Such a system is

able to solve both traditional tasks – studying

legislation, tender procedure and preparing

necessary documentation, and the task of

developing the innovation potential – gaining new

knowledge and acquiring skills to develop projects,

produce and implement innovations, make non-

standard innovative solutions, etc.

Thus, the article aims to determine the influence

of personnel’s innovation potential on strengthening

economic security of Ukrainian enterprises in the

post-war period.

3 Problem Solution

3.1 Directions of Strengthening Economic

Security in the Post-War Period

In terms of economic development and

infrastructure efficiency, Ukraine lags far behind

economically developed countries. The main

reasons for the unsatisfactory condition of many

enterprises that make up infrastructure facilities of

Ukraine requiring modernization consist in mass

destruction resulted from the war, the long-term

underfunding of the facilities’ quality maintenance

and operation, inefficient asset management and the

lack of a general systemic policy of strengthening

economic security. The way out of the situation in

which the state cannot ensure a sufficient level of

economic security of enterprises is cooperation

between the state and private partners.

In Ukraine, in 2021, 193 agreements were

concluded between the state and private partners, of

which only 31 were implemented, 11 were expired,

32 were terminated, and 119 were not fulfilled. This

testifies to low efficiency of cooperation between

the state and businesses on joint projects. During

2019-2021, 29 projects involving investment of

$3.734 billion were fully implemented in Ukraine

[11]. For comparison, as of 2017, Turkey attracted

$131.4 billion investment in 221 cooperation

projects. In Europe, €14.4 billion was invested in

cooperation projects in 2017 alone [12].

The practice of European countries shows that in

order to strengthen economic security through

successful implementation of joint projects of the

state and businesses in Ukraine, it is necessary to

fulfill a number of key conditions. As of the first

quarter of 2022, the main condition for resumption

of cooperation between the state and businesses is

cessation of hostilities of the Russian Federation in

Ukraine, restoration of Ukrainian territorial integrity

and sovereignty, and guarantees of non-

encroachment on them in the future. This will

reduce business risks, allow private partners and the

state to continue implementing suspended projects

and start implementing new ones.

According to experts, “After the victory, we will

be in completely different economic circumstances

than before the war, so we will need a different

economic policy. The main differences will be as

follows: we will get a huge destruction of

infrastructure, industry, housing and communal

facilities amounting to many billions of dollars;

access to international financial resources will be

opened for us, an analogue of the Marshall Plan will

certainly be introduced; international technical

assistance will provide access to modern western

technologies. These circumstances give a chance to

create a new structure of the economy, to move

from the raw material and agricultural type of

economy to the technological one” (courtesy

translation) [13]. After the war, Ukraine will have a

wide range of opportunities – from access to modern

technologies to significant amounts of investment in

infrastructure facilities. Taking into account new

opportunities, introduction of technological trends

will significantly strengthen economic security

through high-value-added goods and services [5].

Rebuilding of houses, hospitals, educational

institutions, roads, bridges and other infrastructure

will be of paramount importance for improving the

level of economic security of construction and

metallurgical enterprises. Such rebuilding should be

accomplished along with restoration of economic

security of enterprises of other industries, energy

and agricultural sectors, transport infrastructure, etc.

At the same time, it is the state that should play a

key role in regulating the economy and creating

conditions for its development in the post-war

period [14].

Now in Ukraine, as well as in the EU countries,

the most vulnerable component of economic

security is energy security. The EU countries are

very dependent on Russian gas and oil. But gradual

reduction of consumption and the search for

alternative energy in the past have provided these

countries with the possibility of partially

abandoning Russia’s energy resources now and will

contribute to the possibility of complete

WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on BUSINESS and ECONOMICS

DOI: 10.37394/23207.2023.20.8

Cherep Alla, Adamenko Maryna,

Cherep Oleksandr, Dashko Iryna,

Korolenko Rita, Kornukh Oksana

E-ISSN: 2224-2899

Volume 20, 2023

abandonment in the future. Risks caused by the

Russian government in the field of energy, the

search for ways to save and preserve the

environment have led to development and use of the

newest types of energy over the past ten years.

Ukraine can adopt the model of European countries

and improve current achievements in the field of

“green” energy. Ukraine needs a complete rejection

of Russian energy resources and requires formation

of a new energy strategy. Within the framework of

this strategy, it is possible to consider not only

traditional approaches – increasing the country’s

own production of gas, coal, oil, but also the use of

other technological solutions – biofuels, hydrogen

biotechnologies, battery storage, etc.

For economic security of Ukraine and its

enterprises, there are two main measures to

strengthen energy security, both of which consist in

introduction of modern technologies. First, it is the

use of battery storage devices or biomass for short-

term energy accumulation. Secondly, it is the use of

hydrogen biotechnologies for long-term

accumulation. Such measures to strengthen security

can be implemented with the help of relevant

projects of cooperation between the state and private

enterprises.

Ukraine’s needs for battery storage are so great

that it will be interesting for businesses to build their

own battery production. The country can learn from

the relevant experience of the USA, the EU

countries, South Korea. Concerning the use of

biomass, biogas as energy sources, practices of

Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Sweden and Finland

can be of great interest.

Ukraine, the EU countries and the USA are

dependent on some of products manufactured in

these countries in limited quantities that do not

cover their entire needs. Because of this, the priority

direction of cooperation between the state and

private enterprises may involve development of

such a business direction as replacement of imports.

For example, speaking of Ukraine, we can note a

significant increase in imports in the first half of

2021 (the latest data) compared to the same period

in 2020 – by $34.5 billion, or by 27.6%. As for the

import of goods and services during this period, the

main trading partner countries of Ukraine included

the EU countries (41.5%), China (14.6%), the

Russian Federation (7.7%), Belarus (6.1%), the

United States (5.6%) [15].

Thus, imports to Ukraine from the aggressor

countries (the RF and Belarus) amounted to 13.8%.

Before the war, energy carriers (coal, including

anthracite; petroleum products; liquefied gas) made

2/3 of all imports from the Russian Federation to

Ukraine. As for Belarus, Ukraine imported 58.5% of

petroleum products and fuel, 17.4% of fertilizers,

plastics, chemical products, etc. from this country

[16].

It should be noted that on April 2, 2022,

Kremenchuk oil refinery, the only one in Ukraine,

was completely destroyed by Russian missiles [17].

In conditions of war, actions of the Armed Forces of

Ukraine depend on availability of fuel. According to

B. Sokolovskyi, “the only way out is to build a new

modern oil refining complex capable of producing

liquid high-quality petroleum products and modern

raw materials for the chemical industry for the

Ukrainian and foreign markets. This option is the

most acceptable for our state, since the state can

influence our market of petroleum products, we use

the Ukrainian school of oil refining, create jobs”

(courtesy translation) [18]. Therefore, projects for

import substitution in the oil refining industry after

the end of hostilities are extremely relevant.

In addition to import substitution, it is advisable

to consider what Ukraine can offer to other partner

countries, since the EU countries, the United States

and others have problems with import substitution

of some goods. The EU is Russia’s largest trading

partner (41% of Russia’s total trade volumes). In

addition to oil and gas, it exports other goods from

Russia [19]. The EU countries’ needs include metals

and metal products, wood and furniture, chemical

goods and plastics, food products. All this can be

produced by Ukrainian enterprises subject to the

state support and joint projects with other countries.

Especially since Ukraine possesses necessary

resources, as well as cheap labor. However, this

labor force does not possess necessary innovative

competences.

Besides, building new production of electric

motors, transformers, generators, consumer

electronics, electronics, as well as IT technologies

will contribute to strengthening economic security.

Ukrainian IT specialists’ activities during the pre-

war period and martial law show that Ukraine has a

large number of professionals in this field who can

be involved in joint projects of the state and

businesses.

An important point is to take into account

miscalculations of the economic policy of other

countries on the territory of which military conflicts

took place in the ХХ century. Let us consider

restoration of economic security of Bosnia and

Herzegovina in the post-conflict period (1999-2004)

as an example. Under the “Program project of

reconstruction and European integration of the

Balkan countries”, Bosnia and Herzegovina

received $7 billion (200% of their GDP in 1996) of

WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on BUSINESS and ECONOMICS

DOI: 10.37394/23207.2023.20.8

Cherep Alla, Adamenko Maryna,

Cherep Oleksandr, Dashko Iryna,

Korolenko Rita, Kornukh Oksana

E-ISSN: 2224-2899

Volume 20, 2023

non-refundable assistance. This assistance was

distributed among 11 sectoral target groups chaired

by key donors. The Central Economic Group

subordinated to the Office of the High

Representative was in overall charge. The EU and

the World Bank jointly coordinated the assistance

[20]. Implementation of infrastructure recovery

projects was almost successful, but success of the

structural rebuilding of the economy was not

significant. This led to the lag of Bosnia and

Herzegovina from other Balkan countries. There are

several reasons for this: lack of a common strategic

economically substantiated vision of development

from the point of view of the government; absence

of a state body to carry out centralized coordination

of projects of cooperation between the state and

private partners, communication between donors

and project executors, with the Central Economic

Group; focus of the “Program project” on restoring

infrastructure and meeting essential needs of the

population instead of strategic restoration of

production of goods and services, creation of a base

for sustainable growth; nonrational distribution of

international financial assistance, 20% of which was

directed to analytics, retention of external personnel,

foreign consulting, etc. [20].

Thus, it can be seen that in the post-war period,

strengthening the economic security of Ukraine and

enterprises located on its territory will depend on

highly qualified employees who possess a

developed innovation potential and will be able to

quickly adapt to new economic realities.

Based on the study conducted, we propose

drivers for strengthening economic security

considering the innovative potential of personnel:

1) Development and implementation of the

Strategic Program for Strengthening Economic

Security of Ukraine and its cooperation with private

partners. Determination of the role of personnel’s

innovative potential in strengthening economic

security.

2) Enhancement of the Strategy for

Development of the Innovation Activity Sphere for

the Period up to 2030 with a focus on development

of the innovation potential of personnel of

Ukrainian enterprises and government institutions.

Formation of indicators to determine the level of the

innovation potential of personnel sufficient for

implementing the Strategic Program for

Strengthening Economic Security of Ukraine in the

post-war period.

3) Creation of a state body for cooperation

between the state and private business structures.

This body should determine priority directions of

development of the Ukrainian economy and

projects, implementation of which is paramount and

promising from the standpoint of strengthening

economic security; on behalf of the government

carry out general management, coordination of

economic recovery projects, communication

between individual donors and executors, monitor

responsibility of both parties and communicate with

the World Bank, other international organizations,

donor countries; determine measures for forming the

level of the innovative potential of personnel of

public institutions and private enterprises sufficient

for implementation of all priority projects.

4) Attracton of highly qualified employees

with a level of the innovation potential sufficient for

development and implementation of joint projects of

the state and private partners in various sectors of

the economy (energy, construction, IT, military

complex and others) which will play a leading role

in the post-war period.

Thus, subject to implementation of Ukrainian

projects of cooperation between the state and

business in increasing the level of personnel’s

innovation potential, it is possible not only to

strengthen economic security of Ukraine, but also to

facilitate the country’s economy development in the

post-war period.

3.2 Consideration of the Indicators of

Personnel’s Innovation Potential in

Strengthening Economic Security of Ukraine

in the Post-War Period

Efficiency of the Strategic Program for

strengthening economic security of Ukraine in the

post-war period should be determined by a number

of criteria, including the level of employees’

innovation potential. To consider this criterion, let

us first study the dynamics of Ukraine's place in

international rankings characterizing its innovative

development, and identify the influence of

employees’ innovation potential (individual

components of indices) on formation of this place

(Table 1).

WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on BUSINESS and ECONOMICS

DOI: 10.37394/23207.2023.20.8

Cherep Alla, Adamenko Maryna,

Cherep Oleksandr, Dashko Iryna,

Korolenko Rita, Kornukh Oksana

E-ISSN: 2224-2899

Volume 20, 2023

Table 1. Ukraine's place in international rankings by indices of innovative development and their

components characterizing employees’ innovation potential

Indicator

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Global Innovation Index (GII)

Innovation Input (II)

incl. Human Capital and Research (HCR)

Innovation Output (IO)

incl. Creative Output (СО)

Bloomberg Innovation Index (BII)

Higher Education Efficiency (HEE)

Research and Development Intensity (RDI)

Concentration of Researchers (CR)

European Innovation Scoreboard (EIS)

Human resources (HR)

45.2

46.0

41.7

41.9

34.4

31.8

Intellectual assets (IA)

6.29

8.33

8.67

8.35

8.22

8.51

World Talent Competitiveness Ranking Index (WTCRI)

Global Knowledge (GK)

Source: [21]

Based on the study results, a number of

indicative regression dependencies are established

between Ukraine's place in international rankings of

innovative development and the level of innovative

potential of personnel. The equations are presented

in Table 2.

Table 2. Regression analysis results

Regression dependency

Coefficient of

determination (R2)

ІО = 0.2851xСО + 23.909

0.61

ІІ = 0.7021xHСR + 45.975

0.74

GII = 0.7169xCO + 14.159

0.80

BII = 0.3244xHEE + 40.52

0.94

BII = 1.964xCR – 42.648

0.94

BII = 1.119xRDI – 7.7381

0.98

EIS = 49.485 + 0.081xHR –

2.264xIA

0.74

WTCRI = 0.253x GK + 52.58

0.53

Source: calculated by the authors

Thus, we have established linear dependencies

where influence of the following indicators is

important:

- the indicator of Creative Outputs on the Global

Innovation index and the Innovation Output;

- Human Capital and Research indicators on

Innovation Input;

- indicators of Higher Education Efficiency,

Concentration of Researchers, Research and

Development Intensity on the Bloomberg

Innovation index;

- indicators of Human Resources and Intellectual

Assets on the index of the European Innovation

Scoreboard;

- the indicator of Global Knowledge on the

Global Talent Competitiveness Index.

Therefore, we propose to introduce the above-

mentioned indicators characterizing the innovation

potential of personnel into the system of indicators

of efficiency of the Strategic Program for

Strengthening Ukraine's Economic Security in the

post-war period and other regulatory legal acts of

Ukraine on development of innovation activities.

On the other hand, these indicators should be

objects of joint projects of the state and private

partners aimed at developing creative skills of

personnel, improving the quality of education,

science and medicine. The synergistic effect of such

projects will be manifested in increased level of

innovative personnel of the country's labor force.

However, at the same time, it is necessary to take

into account the real state of affairs in Ukraine. War

always means changes. According to the survey,

almost 100% of Ukraine’s population has plans for

life after the war: 27% of the population want to

start their own business; 38% of respondents want to

master a new profession; 21% - find a new job; 49%

of respondents plan to gain new knowledge; only

3% - move in another country for good [22]. Among

the interviewed people there are businessmen –

high-level professionals - who have lost their

business. Thus, it can be assumed that both

Ukraine’s population and businesses are interested

in post-war implementation of joint projects of the

state and private enterprises.

Military operations in Ukraine lead to increased

labor migration and loss of the human potential.

Most of those who leave Ukraine are highly

educated young women. In the future, there will

occur a demographic crisis, the negative influence

of which on economic security of enterprises will be

manifested through the decreased internal market

and reduced labor. Thus, 20% of Ukrainian citizens

WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on BUSINESS and ECONOMICS

DOI: 10.37394/23207.2023.20.8

Cherep Alla, Adamenko Maryna,

Cherep Oleksandr, Dashko Iryna,

Korolenko Rita, Kornukh Oksana

E-ISSN: 2224-2899

Volume 20, 2023

have already left their places of residence, and

therefore work. At the same time, 58% of them are

migrants from the eastern regions of Ukraine, whose

labor profile is characterized by work at industrial

enterprises, including the food industry, metallurgy,

etc. [23]. Other indicators regarding labor resources

obtained through CATI surveying are presented in

Table 3.

Table 3. Indicators influencing the level of

personnel’s innovation potential in Ukraine in the

post-war period

No.

Indicator

People who continue working in Ukraine

1.1

including in the usual mode

1.2

part-time or remotely

1.3

in a new job

People who do not have a job

People who are ready to retrain for

another profession

People who are ready to work in another

region of Ukraine

People supporting possible mobilization

of military aged men of certain

professions for the country reconstruction

instead of serving in the army

Source: [23]

Thus, the obtained results allow concluding that

there is a potential of personnel avaible in Ukraine,

but certain conditions should be created for its use

both at private enterprises and in the public sector.

As mentioned above, creation of such conditions

will become possible through implementation of

joint projects aimed at increasing the level of the

innovation potential of personnel. The most

important projects should include:

- creation of expert centers to determine lack of

professions, skills and competences necessary to

strengthen economic security in the post-war period

at the regional level;

- creation of mobile educational modules to serve

as educational spaces that will offer short-term

intensive educational programs for employees in the

areas of employment identified as a priority in

strengthening economic security;

- creation of centers for innovative

entrepreneurship, which will act as a platform for

generating innovative ideas and accumulating the

latest knowledge;

- restoration and modernization of Ukraine’s

scientific infrastructure.

To work both in the proposed state body and at

partner enterprises, personnel with appropriate

competences should be involved.

Specificity of the innovation potential of the

enterprise consists in the fact that it is both a

resource of the enterprise and a carrier of abilities to

use all other resources.

The personnel’s innovation potential is

characterized by the features that significantly

influence efficiency of development and

implementation of any projects of cooperation

between the state and businesses:

- it may exist for a long time given replenishment

of spent resources or replacement of obsolete ones;

- it is a complex system of interrelated elements

influenced by a number of external and internal

factors;

- it combines employees’ innovative abilities and

innovative opportunities for active application to

development and implementation of projects;

- it is characterized by high mobility and

reproducibility.

In the context of this article, the innovation

potential of personnel is characterized by dualism of

the implementation sphere. On the one hand, it

should be implemented in state bodies, and on the

other hand, at private enterprises that will act as

partners in implementation of joint state-private

projects. At the same time, in both cases, the key

competences of personnel necessary to strengthen

economic security of any enterprise are as follows:

- generation of new ideas and creation of

favorable conditions for such generation by other

employees (colleagues, subordinates). This directly

concerns radical innovations for creation of which

joint state-private project partners should have

personnel with appropriate competences capable of

not only rationalization, but also invention activities

– a new vision of processes and phenomena essence;

- offer of equally effective alternative, as well as

non-standard solutions;

- introduction of new approaches to solving

current and strategic tasks. It is necessary to

separately mention civil servants whose decisions

will influence development of partnership projects.

Their competences should include possession of the

“good governance” principles, knowledge and

ability to defend rights and freedoms of people in

conditions of martial law and in the post-war period,

as well as provisions of international humanitarian

law;

- high level of flexibility and adaptability. In this

context, these components of the innovation

potential are designed to solve the strategic problem

– increase of adaptive capabilities of the enterprise

in accordance with the tasked level of economic

security achievement;

- strategic thinking;

WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on BUSINESS and ECONOMICS

DOI: 10.37394/23207.2023.20.8

Cherep Alla, Adamenko Maryna,

Cherep Oleksandr, Dashko Iryna,

Korolenko Rita, Kornukh Oksana

E-ISSN: 2224-2899

Volume 20, 2023

- consideration of modern trends in various fields

of science and technology, as well as the use of

innovative experience of others in professional

activities;

- resiliency. We believe it reasonable to refer

resiliency to competences of innovatively active

personnel precisely because it characterizes the

ability to recover even in the most difficult

circumstances, which are the war and post-war

times.

4 Conclusion

The study conducted shows that along with the

negative consequences of the war for the whole

country, Ukrainian enterprises are facing

unpredictable challenges of geopolitical, economic

and social factors. Due to the fact that strengthening

economic security of Ukrainian enterprises is the

result of collective actions, the study actualizes the

paradigm for implementation of security tools,

among which state-private business cooperation

including that aimed at increasing the innovation

potential of personnel is recognized as a priority.

It is shown that the state is responsible for not

only ensuring security in terms of protecting borders

and maintaining the internal order, but also

economic security of enterprises in all sectors of the

economy. The private sector can become an

effective partner in solving the problems of

restoring Ukraine’s economy and social sphere in

the post-war period. In the field of critical

infrastructure protection, the concept of cooperation

between the state and business structures can be a

promising means of strengthening economic

security.

Post-war projects will require involvement of

innovatively active personnel whose potential can

be successfully realized.

The directions of solving the identified problems

proposed in the article are aimed at improving the

processes of strengthening economic security by

considering the influence of the innovation potential

of personnel of Ukrainian enterprises and

institutions. The identified drivers of strengthening

economic security determine consideration of the

innovative potential of personnel when developing

state programs and strategies for the post-war

development of Ukraine, when substantiating the

need to establish a state body for cooperation

between the state and private business structures

(for implementation of projects to restore the

country).

It is also proposed to consider indicators

characterizing the level of the innovation potential

of personnel when justifying efficiency of the

Strategic Program for Strengthening Ukraine's

Economic Security. They can be used in developing

joint projects to strengthen economic security in the

energy sector, in construction, import substitution,

etc.

Taking into account innovative competencies,

the technical and professional potential,

involvement of innovatively active personnel should

solve the problem of combating current and

potential risks caused by the war, restoring

infrastructure, performance of enterprises in various

economic sectors, creating new facilities, etc.

References:

[1] Sviridenko Yu. How will Ukraine recover? Ukrainian

Pravda, 2022. URL:

https://www.pravda.com.ua/columns/2022/04/21/73

41214/

[2] Mishchuk Ie., Riabykina Ye., Ushenko N., Hamova

Ok., Tkachenko S., Yastremska N. Intellectual

Capital as a Factor Forming Economic Security of

Enterprises in Society 5.0 . WSEAS. Transactions on

Business and Economics, vol. 19, 2022, pp. 269-

277.

[3] Pisarenko T.V., Kuranda T.K., Kvasha T.K. The state

of scientific and innovative activity in Ukraine in

2020: an analytical note. Kyiv: UkrINTEI. 2021, 39

[4] Rud N. Innovative potential of enterprise personnel:

essence, management and evaluation methods.

Economic Forum, No. 2, 2019, рр. 180-190.

[5] Mishchuk Ie., Rebrova S., Krush P., Zinchenko D.,

Astafieva K. Digitalization security as a marker of

modern mechanical engineering technology

implementation in the context of ensuring strategic

economic security of enterprises. WSEAS.

Transactions on Business and Economics, vol. 18,

2021, pp. 117-125.

[6] Skrynkovskyy R., Protsiuk T., Sytar L., Shpak O.

Diagnostics of Objects of Innovative Work as a

Tool for Improving the Innovation Activity of the

Company’s Personnel. Path of Science:

International Electronic Scientific Journal, No.4

(3), 2018, рр. 4001–4007.

[7] Adamenko M., Kornukh, O. Devising an integrated

approach to assessing the indicators of personnel

innovativeness under conditions of innovative

development of an enterprise. Eastern-European

Journal of Enterprise Technologies, No. 4(13(112),

2021, рр. 66–77.

[8] Adamenko М., Zinchenko О., Kęsy М., Pohrebniak

А., Redko К. Analysis of enterprise personnel

innovative potential in the system of management.

Impact of Current Trends in Social Commerce,

Economics, and Business Analytic, vol. 39, No. 7,

2021. URL: https://doi.org/10.25115/eea.v39i7.4986

WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on BUSINESS and ECONOMICS

DOI: 10.37394/23207.2023.20.8

Cherep Alla, Adamenko Maryna,

Cherep Oleksandr, Dashko Iryna,

Korolenko Rita, Kornukh Oksana

E-ISSN: 2224-2899

Volume 20, 2023

[9] Mishchuk Ie., Zinchenko Ol., Zinchenko D.,

Pawliszczy D., Pohrebniak An. Differences in the

Assessment of Economic Security of Personnel and

Security of Enterprise Staff Interests. WSEAS.

Transactions on Environment and Development,

vol. 16, 2020, pp. 454-463.

[10] Battisti S. Digital Social Entrepreneurs as Bridges in

Public–Private Partnerships. Jornal of Social

Enterpreneneurship, vol. 10, 2019. URL:

https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2018.1541006

[11] Country Snapshots. Ukraine. Private Participation in

Infrastructure (PPI). World Bank Group. URL:

https://ppi.worldbank.org/en/snapshots/country/ukra

ine

[12] Khanin S. Why PPP in Ukraine has not become an

engine for replacing loans with investments. Legal

newspaper, No. 15 (745). URL: https://yur-

gazeta.com/publications/practice/derzhavnoprivatne

-partnerstvo/chomu-dpp-v-ukrayini-tak-i-ne-stalo-

dvigunom-zamini-kreditiv-investiciyami.html

[13] Novikov V. What should be the "Marshall Plan" for

Ukraine after the war. Economic truth, 2022. URL:

https://www.epravda.com.ua/columns/2022/03/11/6

83811/

[14] Ukraine needs its own Marshall Plan to rebuild the

economy after the war. Voice of Ukraine, 2022.

URL: http://www.golos.com.ua/article/357982

[15] Ministry of Economy of Ukraine. Infographics

(import). Foreign trade (analytics), 2021. URL:

https://www.me.gov.ua/Documents/List?lang=uk-

UA&id=7e82c6e6-e65b-44ae-8a9a-

48b6851f6d47&tag=Infografika-import-

[16] Cooperation between Ukraine and Belarus: how

many agreements are valid and how the turnover has

changed. Word and deed: Analytical portal, 2021.

URL:

https://www.slovoidilo.ua/2021/09/30/infografika/p

olityka/spivpracya-mizh-ukrayinoyu-ta-bilorussyu-

skilky-diye-uhod-ta-yak-zminyuvavsya-tovaroobih

[17] Khotin R. "Unlikeness". Why is Ukraine's trade with

Russia growing during the war and imports from

Russia increasing? Radio Liberty, 2022. URL:

https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/ukrayina-rosiya-

economika-eksport-import-

nebezpeky/31708814.html

[18] Ukraine's oil refining complex: there is no hope, but

there is a way out - energy independence. The first

Ukrainian information channel, 2017. URL:

https://www.5.ua/ekonomika/naftopererobnyi-

kompleks-ukrainy-nadii-nema-ale-vykhid-ie-

enerhonezalezhnist-160580.html

[19] Export from Russia to Poland. Exports and imports

in Russia and countries. Foreign trade statistics Ru-

Stat, 2022. URL: https://ru-stat.com/date-M202102-

202201/RU/export/PL

[20] Danylyshyn B. How to rebuild the economy after the

war. Rebuilding Bosnia and Herzegovina: Lessons for

Ukraine. LB.ua, 2022. URL:

https://lb.ua/blog/bogdan_danylysyn/510994_yak_vidn

ovlyuvati_ekonomiku_pislya.html

[21] Ukraine: Bewertung der Innovationskraft nach dem

Global Innovation Index von 2013 bis 2021.

URL:https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/11

08672/umfrage/bewertung-der-ukraine-nach-dem-

global-innovation-index/

[22] Sixth nationwide poll: adaptation of Ukrainians to

the conditions of war (March 19, 2022). Rating

Group Ukraine. URL:

https://ratinggroup.ua/research/ukraine/shestoy_obs

chenacionalnyy_opros_adaptaciya_ukraincev_k_usl

oviyam_voyny_19_marta_2022.html

[23] ІХ national poll: socio-economic problems during

the war (April 26, 2022). Rating Group Ukraine.

URL:

https://ratinggroup.ua/research/ukraine/devyatyy_ob

schenacionalnyy_opros_socialno-

ekonomicheskie_problemy_vo_vremya_voyny_26_

aprelya_2022.html

Contribution of Individual Authors to the

Creation of a Scientific Article (Ghostwriting

Policy)

-Cherep A., Cherep O. – determining the features of

cooperation of private enterprises with the state in

the direction of strengthening economic security;

-Adamenko M. – problem setting, research into the

role of personnel’s innovation potential in the post-

war period;

-Dashko I. – analysis of the EU countries’

experience in strengthening the economic security

of enterprises;

-Korolenko R. – literature review, article formatting

and design;

-Kornukh O. – analysis of innovative and

intellectual components in programs of professional

development of personnel.

Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

(Attribution 4.0 International, CC BY 4.0)

This article is published under the terms of the

Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en

_US

WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on BUSINESS and ECONOMICS

DOI: 10.37394/23207.2023.20.8

Cherep Alla, Adamenko Maryna,

Cherep Oleksandr, Dashko Iryna,

Korolenko Rita, Kornukh Oksana

E-ISSN: 2224-2899

Volume 20, 2023

Sources of Funding for Research Presented in a

Scientific Article or Scientific Article Itself

No funding was received for conducting this study.

Conflict of Interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare

that are relevant to the content of this article.