Competitiveness and Productivity of the Colombian Economy by Means

of Competitive Routes and Clusters

Cauca, COLOMBIA

Valle de Cauca, COLOMBIA

entrepreneur wants but to propose new goods and services to the global market, generating a brand value and

differentiating them from international competitors; Colombia in the twentieth century opened its doors to

foreign trade, and started working on the proposal of economic opening, it was necessary to work on the new

Political Constitution of Colombia, from that time there is a change, a work of the National Planning

Department, in conjunction with the National Council for Competitiveness, the work is based on proposing

new productive bets, this as a strategy to face the competition that was seen coming to the country, with the risk

of losing national entries in the market by national companies and on the contrary the international companies

would arrive at the national market with new products, innovated and of low price, the national industry would

not be able to produce and compete at the prices of the imported goods. One of the initiatives is to form

associativity, by means of which productive processes could be improved, more advanced technology would be

made a great social leap, since from this new chain the regions begin to strengthen their economy, to improve

their human talent, to manage the supply chain, and above all to export non-mining energy products that in short

only leave shortages of products from the family basket, depletes and impoverishes the productivity of their

soils, contributing a negative GDP, because in the long time, the land where the mineral exploitation as oil and

coal become sterile for that, although at one point they can represent an important sector for the economic

activity of the country and reflects in its GDP an important percentage to the economy, this type of economic

activity destroys the country's competitiveness in the long term, so in the medium term can be seen as a lever

for economic and social development.

The clusters represent a new production alternative for the country as a strategy for local growth, for the

Colombian economy in global scenarios means diversification in the exportable supply; for this, it is necessary

medical excellence, macrosnacks, care and beauty, white protein, among others.It is for all the above that this

work wants to show the importance of the diversification of goods and services of an economy from the

synergetic and pooled work that the clusters provide, it is well known that the economies that diversify are those

that can compete in the global market since its economic component is not only based on sometimes non-

renewable natural resources such as hydrocarbons, but they work with the most important resource that an

economy has its human talent, this resource is renewable and it is not exhausted, on the contrary it is

the most appropriate way to mix components, equipment used, this personnel that knows how to perform the

management, quality assurance, organizational performance.

component of the business, becoming the engine

that drives and energizes the economy from the

synergy and cooperation between business

networks, which allow strengthening the different

industrial and commercial sectors, closing gaps and

acting as agents of change.

From this networking initiative, the regions are able

to diversify and increase their exportable supply,

specialize their human talent, overcome

infrastructure deficiencies and improve their internal

improve their competitiveness, showing a varied

industry, which produces an improvement in

Colombia's balance of payments, thanks to the

increase of the gross domestic product, allowing to

achieve local, regional and national growth.

By carrying out this work, it is cited [26], with its

Related and Supporting Industry: suppliers of

supplies and services are immersed in it, as well as

distributors, for companies the sector in question.

Demand conditions: refers to the national demand

for goods and services produced by companies in

the sector in question, which must be demanding

and sophisticated to stimulate innovation.

the allocation of public resources, compared to the

more incentives to do so.

From the influential work of [31], on the role of

companies in identifying opportunities to create

value a considerable part of the literature suggests

that the companies real enterprise and

entrepreneurship contribute to economic

performance by introducing innovation and

competition in the market, foreign trade is an

increasingly important portion of the economy of

nations and regions, as they provide leverage for

growth and expand markets.

Based on the report of the Bank of the Republic

of their voters, they have incentives to execute

public policies based on the general interest of the

community [32]. Decentralization can also benefit

public management and market mechanisms, by

simultaneously favoring private activities. [17]

The sum of the aforementioned factors are actors

that contribute to learning, experience and

competence in the provision of collective consumer

goods, thus promoting regional economic growth,

which must be reflected in national economic

“ten strategic imperatives,” The theme of study of

Michael Porter, the governments of the day

continued to delve into the issue, for the year 1999

the Ministry of Foreign Trade launched the National

Productivity and Competitiveness Policy as part of

the Strategic Export Plan for the next ten years; and

in 2005 a workshop for 200 people was held in

Cartagena; the initiative started in October 2012,

and aims to enable companies to be able to compete

in global markets and innovate in products and

services and sell more.

In 2005, the high Presidential Council for

Competitiveness and Productivity was created and

defines that the National Commission

Competitiveness is the highest advisory body of the

National Government on Competitiveness. The

country begins the creation of the Regional

Competitiveness Commission (CRC for its acronym

in Spanish Comisión Regional de Competitividad),

which are the extension of the National

Competitiveness Commission.

Dr. Marcos Linás Technical Vice President of the

listen to these concentrations of companies to align

being the one that manages their business”, said

Porter, declaring against the existence of" a top-

down approach or having someone say what to do”.

Consulted by Colombia Inn on the panorama in

Colombia, Porter assured that “now the process of

competitiveness is moving towards a regional level,

where the critical opportunities are.

The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism

and Innpulsa Colombia, in order to strengthen the

country's cluster initiatives, entered into a

cooperation agreement with the Private

Competitiveness Council to create the Red Cluster

demonstrate the degree of maturity of the cluster

initiatives in Colombia, with which define a

mechanism for classifying these using indicators.

In order to launch this initiative, pilot projects are

being carried out in 5 departments (Antioquia,

Atlántico, Bogotá, Huila and Nariño) and in August,

an escalation to the more than 80 cluster initiatives

registered in the Red Cluster Colombia began.

The initiatives supported are shown hereunder

• Aeronautics in Risaralda