board and the reviewers’ community. Additionally, in scientific publishing great concern exists regarding the

peer-review process and how it can be further optimised to decrease the time from submission to the first

decision, as well as increase the objectivity of the reviewers’ remarks ensuring that no bias or human error

exists in the reviewing process. In order to address this issue, our article suggests a novice cloud framework for

manuscript submission based on blockchain technology that further enhances the anonymity between authors

and reviewers alike. Our method covers the whole spectrum of current submission systems capabilities, but it

also provides a decentralised solution using open-source tools such as Java Spring that enhance the anonymity

of the reviewing process.

publishing, Blockchain, Blockchain application, education, research, publication, middleware

submitting a manuscript via a web platform.

Afterward, the editorial board checks the submitted

article to address whether it is within the scope

following author guidelines. Specifically, the board

first validates that the content is original and that its

subject is appropriate for publication in the

submitted article. Second, it checks that the

submitted document (usually in word or latex

format) complies with the described specifications

of the journal in terms of font size, spacing,

rejection of the article. This report usually consists

of a detailed list of the necessary article revisions

from spotted typos, to sections that need to be

reviewing, however, the key point in peer-review is

that in the last years emphasis has been given to

total anonymity for both sides alike.

This article aims to introduce a scientific manuscript

submission platform, similarly with [2], [3], [4]

focusing on anonymity. Specifically, this article

aims to introduce a cloud-based privacy-focused

decentralised submissions system that leverages

publication. Third, we consider how blockchain

technology is used in a number of real-case scenario

applications and provide key points regarding its

architecture. Fourth, we present a novel cloud-based

framework implementing blockchain architecture

for academic article and conference proceedings for

a cloud-based submission system. Last, we draw

conclusions on how to change the current status quo

in order to increase the quality of peer-reviewing

and reduce the reviewing time from submission to a

advantages of blockchain architecture to provide a

fast, reliable, and anonymous academic submission

system that further enhances the double-blind

review process as well as provide more accurate

reviewers’ suggestions.

In recent years, manuscript submission systems

have been intensely studied in various scientific

fields to explain and understand different existing

bibliography regarding the pros and cons of the

accessing the quality of articles and conference

proceedings.

importance (p2p). As obvious from its name,

blockchain consists of x blocks in a chain. Each

block consists of inputs (e.g. transactions) and when

a block has stored the required amount of data it is

added automatically to the chain of blocks. From the

moment that a block is added to the chain, there is

no chance of changing the data, since all the data

has been distributed to all the nodes [48]. This

makes blockchain technology decentralised and

same time in the same way by all its nodes. The

form for their services (i.e. computational processes)

[49].

is clear that allowing certain individuals, meaning

the miners, to add blocks to the ledger and get paid

for every block they add, creates conflict of

interests. This is because every miner is motivated

to execute the job in a fast and not so responsible

same transaction and at the same time add to their

own block the very same transaction. The danger of

proofs are validated and the way that every block is

created and stored in the system. Analytically, a

consensus mechanism -which consists of a complex

the contributions by various participants of the

blockchain. Moreover, the two most common

algorithms are proof of work (PoW) and proof of

stake (PoS). PoW requires participant miners that

the work that was done and was submitted by them

qualifies them to receive the right to add a new

delivered through the use of code names (a unique

digital signature).

this article used to develop our database for

proposing reviewers and facilitating a submission

"conflict of interest" or constantly providing an

invitation for specific publications to the same

reviewers' target group. In order to avoid that, we

have developed an algorithm that took into

an optimal solution.

search and propose the names of possible review

candidates. First, we used several "filterReviewers"

functions that mapped the most suitable candidates

for review into a list. Analytically, this was achieved

by indexing, storing, and searching a preset dataset

such as ResearchGate, Academia.edu, and other

academic open-source services such as Publons as

well as ORCID profiles. Last, after gathering all the

necessary data, we generated a hash and stored them

using blockchain technology to ensure anonymity as

well as continuity of operations while monitoring,

notifying, activating, and deploying all the

necessary processes regarding authors-reviewers.

necessary information to our DB, we monitored our

output result to ensure that the reviewer was not a

categorise lower in the list of our proposal the

reviewers who had already reviewed (and rejected)

an article.

computation length to adjust the mining difficulty.

constitute a node that can confirm and validate the

Analytically, in this class diagram we showcase the

roles of the user who can act as a reviewer, a

crawled and indexed for a document such as its

class diagram, a user has a direct relationship with

suitable reviewers, as well as several parameters for