Organizational Culture, Employee Motivation, Workload and

Employee Performance: A Mediating Role of Communication

MAHDANI IBRAHIM1, JUMADIL SAPUTRA2, MUHAMMAD ADAM1, MUKHLIS YUNUS1

Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, Aceh,

INDONESIA

approach involving 50 Batam ports, Indonesia. A total of 150 respondents participated in this study and were

collected by distributing the questionnaire. The data were analyzed with structural equation modelling – partial

least square (SEM-PLS). The result of this study indicated that organizational culture and communication have

a significant positive relationship with employee performance. Besides that, motivation and workload do not

significantly affect employee performance. Also, communication mediates the relationship between workload

and employee performance. In conclusion, the present study proved that communication is a significant factor

in determining employee performance and plays a significant role as mediating variable between workload and

employee performance. This study contributes significantly to the theory and government policy regarding

human resource development. In addition, this study can assist the Batam port in increasing employee

performance through communication.

organization. Human resource needs special

attention, management, handling, and treatment due

to their role in implementing the policies and

company operational activities to achieve the

organization's target. Human resource management

is planning, coordinating, implementing, and

supervising procurement, development,

remuneration, integration, maintenance, and

separation of labour to achieve organizational goals.

Batam port is an operator in the free trade area.

of the locomotives of national development. The

legal principle for the operation of Batam port is

attached to one of the main tasks of the Batam

Authority (BP Batam), which Presidential Decree

the same time, the mission of the Batam Port

Management Agency is to realize Batam Island as

an export-oriented green industrial area and realize

Batam Island as a superior marine tourism area and

international trade transhipment. The current study

investigates the mediating role of employee

communication in the relationship between

organizational culture, employee motivation, and

the workload on employee performance in Batam

Port Management Partnership and Business

thinking humans learn throughout their lives[1].

Also, culture is a set of shared meanings and values

that state a common form of life, and there are as

many cultures as the number of meanings and

values [2]. The organization is used as a place where

the people work together in a rational, systematic,

planned, organized, guided, and controlled in

utilizing the resources (money, materials, machines,

methods and the environment), infrastructure, data

and others that are used efficiently and effectively to

coordinated social entity consisting of two or more

people with relatively identifiable boundaries, which

function in an ongoing manner to achieve a common

set of goals.

Therefore, Lok & Crawford [6] stated that

organizational culture is "a term used to contain a

series of behavioural variables. It refers to values,

beliefs, and main principles that act as a basis for an

organizational management system [7], [8]. At the

organizational level, organizational culture is the

consist of (i) innovation, and risk-taking means that

an innovative attitude and the courage to take risks

must exist within the organization. (ii) Attention to

detail means that the organization must pay

attention to all provisions, analyze, and pay more

attention to things. (iii) Result orientation focuses on

demands, individuals may not be able to increase

their level of effort and (iii) Performance-Most of

the studies on workload are concerned with the

performance to be achieved.

graphics, etc. The act or process of transmission is

what is commonly called communication.

Meanwhile, Stern [20] added that communication

occurs when a source delivers a message to the

Thus, communication is the process of delivering

information from one party, be it individuals, groups

or organizations, as a sender to another party as a

receiver to understand, and there are opportunities to

respond to the sender. Communication indicators to

be effective include: Understanding, which is the

ability to understand messages accurately as

conveyed by the communicator. In this case, the

communicant is said to be effective if he can

understand correctly. Meanwhile, communicators

H5: Communication mediates the relationship

between organizational culture and employee

performance.

H6: Communication mediates the relationship

between employee motivation and employee

performance.

H7: Communication mediates the relationship

between workload and employee performance.

and objects and other natural objects. The

population is also not just the amount that will exist

in the object or subject being studied but includes all

the characteristics or properties of that subject or

object. The population in this study amounted to

150 employees in the division of business

development and Batam port management

partnerships.

In general, a good sample can represent as many

population characteristics as possible. The study

(SEM-PLS).

In accordance with the strong commitment of

(AVE), it aims to assess the discriminant validity

based on the following "rule of thumb": the positive

square root of the AVE for each of the latent

variables should be higher than the highest

correlation with any other latent variable

The criteria for good construct reliability according

to [29] can be seen from the value of composite

reliability > 0.60 and AVE > 0.50 [30].

Table 1. The Result of Validity and Reliability

AVE (Average Variance Extracted)

Table 1 shows the result of validity and

reliability testing. The Organizational Culture

variable has a composite reliability value of 0.972>

0.600. Then, motivation has a composite reliability

value of 0.926 > 0.600. Workload has a composite

4.4 Structural Model

The structural model can be assessed by using

coefficient determination (R-square). R-Squares

values can be used to explain the effect of

exogenous latent variables on whether endogenous

latent variables have substantive effects. R-Squares

values of 0.75, 0.50, and 0.25 reflect that the model

is strong, moderate, and weak. The following results

of the R-The R-Square values, as seen in Table 2

below:

Table 2. The result of the coefficient determination

determination using (R-Square). The table above

depicted that the organizational culture, motivation,

workload, and communication can be explained by

employee's performance as much as 78.2%. In

comparison, other variables explain the remaining

Table 3 shows the Organizational Culture with

Note: ORC (Organizational Culture), EMT (Employee

Motivation), WLD (Workload), COM (Communication)

for the indirect effect or mediating test.

mediates the relationship between workload and

relationship with employee performance. Besides

that, Motivation and Workload do not have a

significant effect on employee performance. In

addition, communication mediates the relationship

between workload and employee performance. In

conclusion, the present study proved that

communication is a significant factor in determining

employee performance and plays a significant role

as mediating variable between workload and

employee performance. This study contributes

Routledge, 2004.

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