<doi_batch xmlns="http://www.crossref.org/schema/4.4.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="4.4.0"><head><doi_batch_id>dcc12211-eed4-480a-8e38-5faa750f92e9</doi_batch_id><timestamp>20250327095328900</timestamp><depositor><depositor_name>wseas:wseas</depositor_name><email_address>mdt@crossref.org</email_address></depositor><registrant>MDT Deposit</registrant></head><body><journal><journal_metadata language="en"><full_title>International Journal of Applied Mathematics, Computational Science and Systems Engineering</full_title><issn media_type="electronic">2766-9823</issn><archive_locations><archive name="Portico" /></archive_locations><doi_data><doi>10.37394/232026</doi><resource>https://wseas.com/journals/amcse/</resource></doi_data></journal_metadata><journal_issue><publication_date media_type="online"><month>3</month><day>12</day><year>2025</year></publication_date><publication_date media_type="print"><month>3</month><day>12</day><year>2025</year></publication_date><journal_volume><volume>7</volume><doi_data><doi>10.37394/232026.2025.7</doi><resource>https://wseas.com/journals/amcse/2025.php</resource></doi_data></journal_volume></journal_issue><journal_article language="en"><titles><title>Beyond Rankings: A K-means Approach to Evaluating Research Universities in Emerging Higher Education Systems</title></titles><contributors><person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author"><given_name>Tarik</given_name><surname>Kucukdeniz</surname><affiliation>Department of Industrial Engineering Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Avcilar Campus, 34320 TÜRKİYE</affiliation></person_name><person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author"><given_name>Melike Solak</given_name><surname>Altuntas</surname><affiliation>Corporate Data Management Office Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Avcilar Campus, 34320 TÜRKİYE</affiliation></person_name><person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author"><given_name>Canan Hazal</given_name><surname>Akarsu</surname><affiliation>Corporate Data Management Office Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Avcilar Campus, 34320 TÜRKİYE</affiliation></person_name><person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author"><given_name>Erol</given_name><surname>Ince</surname><affiliation>Department of Chemical Engineering Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Avcilar Campus, 34320 TÜRKİYE</affiliation></person_name></contributors><jats:abstract xmlns:jats="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1"><jats:p>This study introduces a novel approach to evaluating research universities in developing countries, using Türkiye as a case study within the broader context of global higher education trends. By combining the national University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP-TR) metrics with K-means clustering analysis, we address the limitations of international ranking systems in assessing institutions outside the Global North. Our comparative analysis of 23 Turkish research universities, implemented using Python and scikit-learn, resulted in three distinct clusters that reflect diverse patterns of institutional development. This clustering approach allows for a nuanced comparison of university performance within Turkey's higher education landscape, while also connecting to global debates on university rankings and performance metrics. A focused examination of Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa illustrates how this method can inform targeted improvement strategies, offering insights applicable to institutions in similar contexts worldwide. By moving beyond traditional rankings, this approach facilitates data-driven decision-making in higher education policy and institutional strategy.</jats:p></jats:abstract><publication_date media_type="online"><month>3</month><day>27</day><year>2025</year></publication_date><publication_date media_type="print"><month>3</month><day>27</day><year>2025</year></publication_date><pages><first_page>51</first_page><last_page>63</last_page></pages><ai:program xmlns:ai="http://www.crossref.org/AccessIndicators.xsd" name="AccessIndicators"><ai:free_to_read start_date="2025-03-27" /><ai:license_ref applies_to="am" start_date="2025-03-27">https://wseas.com/journals/amcse/2025/a08amcse-004(2025).pdf</ai:license_ref></ai:program><archive_locations><archive name="Portico" /></archive_locations><doi_data><doi>10.37394/232026.2025.7.4</doi><resource>https://wseas.com/journals/amcse/2025/a08amcse-004(2025).pdf</resource></doi_data><citation_list><citation key="ref0"><doi>10.1007/s11192-014-1333-4</doi><unstructured_citation>Alaşehir, O., Çakır, M. 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